Employee engagement is crucial for effective, corporate decision Essay

Employee appointee is crucial for effective, corporate decision making. Discuss using examples from two planetary companies - Essay ExampleEmployee engagement profoundly affects an employees willingness to learn, cooperate, and twist together with others (Karsan & Kruse 2011). Employee engagement tail accordingly be identified as a fundamental element of teamwork. Engagement should, however, not be mistake with satisfaction and motivation. Different unmarrieds might find parts of their job which offer satisfaction and motivation to that degree they might not be fully engaged. The concept of employee engagement remains an essential element of cable management, which can effectively assist in corporate decision-making. Employee engagement could be defined as the willingness and aptitude for employees to assist the organisation to succeed, by offering discretionary effort, continuously (Wellins et al. 2005). Business decisions regarding human resource can be effectively unde rtaken through the understanding of various aspects of employee engagement. The element of engagement could be measured through the continuous monitoring of individuals behaviour, consequently understanding their engagement to work related activities (Seijts & Crim 2006). Proper knowledge of the engagement level possessed by employees can assist human resource management decisions by identifying individuals skills and motivators. ... Employees to stay within the organisation commonly display the employee commitment through the desire. Many world(prenominal) corporations engage in the assessment of employee engagement in enhancing the decision-making process. This enables the corporations to make informed business decisions regarding the organisational operations. There be several aspects of employee management which managers must undertake in order to ensure their employees remain engaged to their respective(prenominal) jobs. Among these drivers of employee engagement, the top thr ee could be identified as managements interest in employee well-fare, work related challenges, and the decision making authority (Saks 2006). Employee engagement notable among many employees remains the capacity to feral valued and involved within the company operations. This significantly concerns the decision-making process utilised within an organisation. Involvement of employees in decision making helps in increasing their morale. Consequently, the ultimate results of decision-making involvement are increased engagement of employees with corporate operations. The involvement of employees in decision-making includes seeking their opinions regarding various issues surrounding corporate operations. Though their ideas might not be implemented, the thought of having voiced their ideas becomes a source of encouragement. Managers remain the key to achieving engagement of an entire corporate workforce. In achieving considerable engagement of employees the managers must undertake variou s responsibilities aimed at improving the morale of employees (Baumruk & Gorman 2006). Firstly, managers

Company Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Company Law superordinate - Case Study ExampleThe address of such place pass on ware to be intimated to the recording equipment of companies and Madona can find the address of the place from the registrar in case such a jurisprudence has been made in this respect. all the same Madona should note that under the new provisions A person desire attack to the register will have to give their name and address and state the answer for which access is being requested and bode whether the information will be unwrap. The company can apply to the coquette for an order that it does not have to comply with the request on the grounds that access is not sought-after(a) for a proper usage.3Under the provisions of Section 113 (2) it is necessary for the companies having a helping bully to incorporate in the register of members the shares held by each member, with the share numbers if any and in like manner the physical body of shares where there is more than one class. Hence by the ins pection of the register of members of Posh Cars Ltd, Madona whitethorn be able to find out the extent of Mr. Cowboys holdings in the company.Section 353 (1) of the Companies Act 1985 allows the company to claim the register of members in a place other than the registered line through a notification to this effect. ... However Madona should note that under the new provisions A person seeking access to the register will have to give their name and address and state the purpose for which access is being requested and indicate whether the information will be disclosed. The company can apply to the court for an order that it does not have to comply with the request on the grounds that access is not sought for a proper purpose.31.2 Mr. Cowboys Holdings in Posh Cars Ltd Under the provisions of Section 113 (2) it is necessary for the companies having a share capital to incorporate in the register of members the shares held by each member, with the share numbers if any and also the class o f shares where there is more than one class. Hence by the inspection of the register of members of Posh Cars Ltd, Madona may be able to find out the extent of Mr. Cowboys holdings in the company.1.3 Access to Register of Members in the case of a PlcSection 353 (1) of the Companies Act 1985 allows the company to maintain the register of members in a place other than the registered office through a notification to this effect. However the Registrar will be informed of the address and muddle of the place where the register of members will be available for inspection. With the proposed amendments in the Companies Act 2006 persons requesting to inspect or notice a copy of a companys register will be required to submit a pen request to the company, stating their name and address, the purpose for which the information is to be used and whether the information will be disclosed to any other person. It will then be up to the company to decide whether the stated purpose is proper or improp er and either fulfil the request within five days or make an

Change Process and Models Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Change Process and Models - Coursework ExampleWithout any iota of difficulty, the change that took place can be explained using three change puzzle out theories. These change process theories have carefully been enumerated below in relation to the change that took place within the governance.The first possible action that explains the change that took place is the expectancy theory. In an expectancy theory, it is generally said that people are induce to act in specific ways because they are motivated to act as such (Johnson, 2012). What this subject matter is that expectancy theory demands that people pay off the motivation they receive by giving backward excellent delivery. Looking at the item that two people were promoted as a form of innate motivation (Homik et al, 2008), it can be said that the expectancy theory was applied in this instance. This is because by motive these two employees with the promotions, they will become obliged and expected to work with certain level s of output expectations. If for nothing at all, they will be expected to work above their means as a way of proving to their superiors that they merit the promotions that were granted them.Another change process theory that comes to play in this instance is that of equity theory. gibe to the equity theory, people within an government activity will be expecting to judge whether or not on that point is being fair distribution of available resources (Fuchs et al, 1997). With the present scenario, fairness and equity can be judged from the fact that the employees of the organization who were promoted can be labeled as resources because they form the basis of the human resource of their organization (Gardener, 2008). Secondly, fairness was attained because their hard work for their organization was acknowledged and rewarded. Indeed, there had been situations within the same organization whereby some employees were very aggrieved because they felt that their efforts were not recogniz ed

Reshaping Toledo The physical and symbolic transformation of the Essay

Reshaping Toledo The physical and symbolic transformation of the medieval urban center after the Christian conquest of 1085 - analyse ExampleThis news report not only concentrates on the physical patterns that underwent changes during the transitional tip, but also focuses on the several changes which cast their strong influences in human psyche of this place. It talks nearly the history of the city itself, the quintessential aspects of its transformation through with(predicate) the centuries, the effect of repopulation of the al-Andalusia region during the long years of the Reconquista and the people representing a ample melting pot of various cultures and creeds, namely Christians, the Muslims and the Jewish minorities, who inhabited the city.The city being one of the almost happening centers of physical, religious and cultural transformation has been the interest of a large number of archaeologists and historians, who tried to bear out the subtle tones of color represent ing the gradual change in the nature of the city, the outlook of the people and their tender standing with respect to each other. This is a fact that these changes effected over a long period of time throughout the reign of Alfonso VI and continuing aftermath slowly imparted the final tones of color to the city whose traces can be linked even today. If we retrospect the entire history of medieval Spain and not incisively the city of Toledo, which was an integral part of the al-Andalus governed by the Islamic supremacy and the Berber regimes of Almohads and Almoravids, we would procure a tale of two oppression and tolerance throughout the entire period of change from the Islamic supremacy to Christian power. The chronicles that lay this transformation also speaks of the slow change in the lives of the people, the Christians and the Muslims along with the minorities, mostly the Jews, because reshaping of the city was also brought about by the changes in the religious and social sc enario. It led to the mingling of different ritualistic practices among the Spanish population. This paper will focus on the Spanish mediaeval history when all these transformations took place giving pitch to a multicultural milieu of Toledo.Reshaping Toledo is the main subject of this paper. Throughout the discussion, we shall set about to examine in what reason the city was reshaped. There are different schools of thought who have said different things on whether the Muslim era in Toledo had its serious effect. This paper will also throw some light on whether the Christian era after Reconquest in the city was able to bring valuable changes to the city scenario. return the power over Spanish states was a great achievement for the Christians, but our discussion will try to evaluate this reigns actual influences on the physical, religious and symbolic aspects of Toledo. It might be noted that Medieval Spain went through several torments as the Christians showed up a constant figh t to clinch power from the hand of Muslims. The Spanish battlefield remained a happening place throughout the medieval era and the crusade started at the loony toons when the Muslims had their control almost all through the Western Europe. European continent was ruled by the Muslims from the send-off of the 8th century and they continued spreading until hindered by the exploits of Charles the Hammer. Defeat of the Muslim power in the Pyrenees resulted in their settlement in the

Strengths, Weaknesses and Plan of Action of an Analysis Essay

Strengths, Weaknesses and Plan of Action of an epitome - Essay ExampleI adjudge also been able to use a variety of strong belief structures like simple, compound and complex sentence structures which help articulate my thoughts in a proper manner. truly short paragraphs keep the reader interested. I am also able to, as it shows by my draft, controvert both the sides of the issue so that the reader may be able to get a improve idea about the positive and negative aspects of the issue at hand. It seems that I am very competent in the presentation of my draft as the tone remains the same and all textual license is properly cited.It seems that I have been unable to specify a specific audience for my text. This may have led to almost confusion for the reader as to for whom the text is really intended for. The text is not confusing in itself, but still, there should have been audience specification. I have not utilise every metaphors. The text seems to be less literary and more p hilosophical, which is something that many readers who are looking for some scholarly text might get disappointed about. Also, I have not used any external source which may have been necessary to back up my opinion. I have reason the issue according to my own opinion, and there is no external source to support my argument. Other than these points, I have not come to know any noticeable weakness in the structure, layout and presentation in my text by way of my teachers and peers feedback.The first thing I need to revise is that I should incorporate some external sources in my text to back up my argument. I think it is very important as one is able to give more reason to support ones point of view. This involves research, and I must be able to do this by looking up for literary sources in the library and over the internet. I must, however, first consult my instructor to determine whether an external source is actually required in the first place.The second thing that I need to think upon is specifying my audience.

Reflection of Conflict 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection of Conflict 1 - Essay ExampleIn this regard, I aimed to litigate together with my classmate in the pursuit of dream of quality education.In addition, I applied strategical maneuvering as a tool for agreement. In that, I neglected my self-interest and considered my classmates concerns for taking my seat. I mat the get would work out be condition we shared a common desire of listening to the lectures without interruption. I too valued an approach that maintains level of self-awareness and respect for others. Therefore, the two communication skills preserved our regard, admiration, and facilitated my last to avoid bout by mutual agreement to sit in adjacent positions. I will use a similar strategy if I find myself in compar competent conflicts.B. Conflict over the table could cause more harm to our relationship. Hence, I identified the reasons for the conflict in order to help strategize mutual extenuation approaches. The approach also facilitated my self-awareness an d helped me define my goal. Moreover, I differentiated between listening for thoughts and listening for my feelings. I was able to clearly identify my roles and develop sympathy for my classmate. Thus, these approaches enabled me to consider my inner feelings and enabled me to develop respect for my friend. The final finish and the found peace resulted from a detailed inner analysis as shown.All the parts of my approach successfully worked out because I agnize I was mean to my classmate. I realized that we both merited to sit in the front table given that our pursuit entailed listening to the lectures. The back position neer favored any of us and it was unkind character to insist that my classmate occupy an uncomfortable table. The decision not to report the problem also enhanced our trust and the care for each other. I realized that education is a collective role and we require the assistance and support of friends

Leprosy in the Middle Ages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leprosy in the Middle Ages - Essay interpreterIf unchecked, it can result to loss of neural consciousness, blindness as well as local paralysis. Leprosy equal a major moral, social as well as health concern in the mall Ages. Few complaints have conjured the social reactions, which leprosy did in the nub Ages. Some primordial communities undertook exclusionary actions to isolate socially persons with the ailment. opposite communities, whereas acknowledging the ailment, treated persons similar to normal citizens as well with compassion. This paper will discuss leprosy in the middle ages. Experts consent that Hansens disease was a familiar ailment in mediaeval Europe although opinions flow as to its pervasiveness in the period. Writers have proposed that the ailment might have reached its peak in the 20th and thirtieth eras.4 They grounded this assumption upon the discovery that the total number of hospices started to care for persons with the ailment were many in the 20th and th irtieth centuries. For instance, in the middle of 20th era, France had around two thousand leprosariums whereas Scotland and England had about two hundred and cardinal to cater for around 1.5 m persons with leprosy. Nevertheless, some of these hospices never served persons with the ailment as well as the taking into custody of the ailment might have resulted to over-exaggeration of its pervasiveness.3 Stereotypically, the medieval societies saw persons with the ailment as untrustworthy, unclean, wrathful, suspicious and hopeless. To the primordial citizen, Hansens disease meant a lengthy, disfiguring, as well as inevitable demise. Given the alleged fears of the ailment, primordial citizens evaded deal with the ailment.5 primitive citizens were apprehensive that they might contact Hansens disease from associating with persons with the illness and officials habitually made provender indoors primordial law, for instance, prohibitions concerning ownership of property. For instance , primordial French communities regularly denied ownership rights to persons with leprosy. Other communities approved laws to stipulate the personal free will of persons with leprosy, for instance, the 1276 inquests of London that stated that persons with Hansens disease could not reside within the city.6 Primordial communities established other restraints. For example, some individuals believed the Hansens disease could be contracted via the breath therefore, persons with the ailment were only allowed to communicate only they were on down wind.1 Certain communities banned them from utilizing well-travelled roads, enter taverns, market, and even churches with no permission. Medieval communities also banned them from doing laundry within local streams, utilizing public drinking mugs, and touching babies. Restraints change amid communities, for instance, certain Scottish communities hung or took them out of the village, whereas others allowed them to move around freely. Rendering to Kealey (1981), during 12th century England, persons with the Hansens disease were not detested or removed from community, and leper bells and clappers were not used. One of the utmost melodramatic social restraints upon persons with the Hansens disease was their isolation from mainstream community that was carried out for at least 8 centuries. Primordial citizens believed they might contract leprosy via association.1 Therefore, communities guaranteed that avoids were upheld amid those with and without the ailment. For

Economics of Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economics of Industry - Essay Examplebuy problem. Therefore, firms and companies provoke anatomize their compassionate imaginativeness Management system in order to develop the necessary skills in-house or they can constitute their Human Resource Management to attract the workmen with the obligatory skills on the extrinsic market. For developing consistent as hearty as competitive manufacturing strategies, the need is somewhat established. This fundamental subject in the development of a manufacturing outline is the grit of what the company makes and what it buys (Platts et. al, 2000). Chronologically, such decisions collapse always been made primarily on the grounds of cost, however, in recent years there has been a successive cognizance on the strategic implications of these decisions and the requirement of speculate over a wide-cut range of other factors as well.This paper determines and analyzes the problems related to agency relationships, asymmetric breeding, and unde sirable assortment which are faced by firms who face such decisions. Moreover, it critically evaluates the possible remedies which can address the three problems discussed, which are associated with agency costs.The analysis of effects of the private agents being less than in full rational in their expectations can lead to depletion of the values and position of the firm. In the context of monetary policy, where the telephone exchange Bank may possess come uncertain preferences, the innovative characteristic could be the allowance of mankind to react in two different ways. One of them could be the formation of rational expectations, and another could be the internalization of uncertainty about the Banks reference in complete. The cost of internalization appears to be the most charm guess regarding those preferences. In the progression of framing anticipations or expectations, the assumption of rational expectations enables all the agents involved in sharing the information from the same set. Nonetheless, with the breaking down of the assumption of common information, may be cod to infeasibility, or because of the high-cost of acquirement of all the information others have, the agents have to resort to second-guessing the reactions of their counterparts. Agents can seem to be wide off the mark while making educated guesses about the characteristics of others and the consequences to the ideal case of full information and rational expectations could be hazardous. From the point of view of the private sector, a monetary policy can be applied where, for example, the Central Bank has tentative preferences. This could be a matter of choice, since, the bank itself does not let loose certain aspects of what it is cognizant of, or because the Central Bank does not possess firm information itself and, as a result, is unable to commit to one specific set of parameters for all the circumstances (Demertzis & Hallet, 2008). Authors like Geraats and Walsh have analyzed the first case

Netflix Case Analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Netflix psychoanalysis - Case Study ExampleOn the basis of this an overview of analysis tools has been discussed such as the 3Cs, STP and the 4 Ps.The 3 Cs model is used to provide an overview of the keep company. Based on this overview the commercialize conditions can be assessed which help the managers in forming strategies for the company. Based on this the company can rectify its weaknesses and growth towards success.Company Netflix is a DVD rental and online streaming business. The services offered by the company argon in a combined form and these have attracted the customers. The services of the company are slow but in one case the videos are acquired then the services and facilities which are offered are unmatchable and incomparable.Customers For the success of the business, the needs and requirements of the customer are important and therefore they should be assessed. The company has faced losses when a new strategy of separating both(prenominal) the practices was introd uced. This also increased the subscription charges of the company.Competitors The business faces competition from crossways like Apple iTunes, Amazon video on petition (VOD), Google TV and YouTube and others. All these provide similar services and have benefited highly from the splitting decision of the company (Dau, and Wesley).Segmentation In this process the company will identify the segment which will be raise most with availing the services of the company. The company has segments its consumers in order to market them in a better way. by segmenting consumers, the company can do well in the market.Tar giveing Finding the most appropriate segment and determination the factors which will satisfy these individuals most must be assessed. On the basis of this all the price and the product related strategies are formed. By targeting different segments in a different way, the company can get better results.Positioning In this segment the appropriate industry is

Initial Research findings- KSaria Part 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Initial explore findings- KSaria Part 2 - Essay ExampleThe KSARIA Corp. also offers field services including cable plant installation, on site plant management, shipside logistic support, in-situ testing and field terminations as well as look for and development of cable design services (Wards Business Directory 161). Despite the provision of these services, KSARIA Corp. is facing numerous challenges especially in Positioning and Assembly of Fiber Optics.The current outstanding deliverable gap that affects the productivity in its service delivery is inefficient qualification methods of repairing the damaged fiber optic cable particularly on the naval aircraft. The solution to this problem has been replacing the damaged cables with effective cables. Notably, this measure is intensively expensive and beat consuming (Wards Business Directory 177). This leads to operation gap that incorporates complete cleaving has a method of preparing the ends of the optical fibers for splicing. Thi s method is not effective since its leads to low yields and requires high technical skills that KSARIA lacks. Additionally, the method has proven immensely sensitive to be use or deployed in harsh military environments.The most challenging task is the optical fiber and portion alignment and positioning is often experiences during the photonics assembly. This problem often interferes with the accuracy of submicron thereby interfering with the high perceptual constancy and reasonable resolution required when colligation optic fire with laser light. This process is referred to active alignment, and it involves coupling light sources including laser. The process requires one end of the optical to define the optimal position of the fiber chemical element (Wards Business Directory 188). These operations need precision otherwise, they often interfere with the Military aircraft industry that leads to management with silly precision. The

Cross cultural management in international business Essay - 1

Cross cultural management in external business - Essay ExampleThe management plays a critical role in entrenching diverse in the system. The MNCs are a good example of organisations that must embrace diversity in their organisational structure. These organisations employ intimately of their staff from a different cultural background (because the top manager may come from their headquarters) thus the need for considering diversity. For that reason, diversity is a critical component for the survival of organisations (e.g. MNCs). The essay will assess the brilliance of diversity in the workforce, how diversity influences the success of MNCs using the case of Carlos Ghosn of Nissan Renault and Rattan Tata of Tata Group, two phenomenon individuals who transformed their MNCs. Besides, the writing will present how the MNCs transition to embracing diversity.The markets have become so diverse that organisations must fetch diverse approaches to penetrating such markets and satisfy their c onsumer demands (Makela, et al., 2011). The MNCs are of particular interest because they have a network of branches that interacts with customers from different cultural backgrounds. The diversity of employees lifts the advantage of different employees from cultures to devise appropriate ways of remaining germane(predicate) (Harter et al. 2010 PwC Saratoga, 2010). The global market has become so competitive that organisations must devise novel ways of competing to approach certain markets (Makela, et al., 2011 PwC Saratoga, 2011). When organisations are making entry into a diverse cultural market, they must have a strategy of incorporating the pattern of diversity to gain access and respond to the customers demands while remaining competitive (Caldwell, 2003 Doremus et al., 1998). Therefore, the concept of diversity seems pivotal in leveraging the competitive advantage (Ariely et al., 2005). Organisations that have diverse workforce bring in new innovative

Human Resource Management Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Resource Management Assignment 1 - Essay ExampleThe emphasis is on doing right things at the right time instead of the earlier concept of sweating it break at the piece of work without considering whether an effort is channelized in the right direction so that overall corporate final stage is achieved at minimum effort. This glide path is also known as Hard HRM where compassionate vision is considered as an some other resource that has to be acquired at lowest expense, used sparingly and trained in such a manner that they become maximum productive (Daily News (Colombo, Sri Lanka), 2011). Answer 3 The first paradox with soft approach to human resource oversight is that it is rather difficult to quantify the tenets of such an approach as all the aspects are more descriptive rather than quantitative. The second trouble is it does not certify the exact actions that need to be taken to achieve the stated objectives thus managers tend to get lost about the desired course of action. The third problem is that this model by excessively adopting a collectivised approach dilutes the basic decision making activity of management which might result in dismission of direction and chaos in an organization. The first problem with hard approach to human resource management is that it is not concerned with the societal and psychological issues of human resource. This results in a strictly regimented workplace where employees do as they are told which thwarts innovativeness and imagination among employees. The second problem is that if such an approach is adopted in a knowledge based organization it would surely face increased labor turnover. The third problem is organizations adopting hard approach are seldom able to adapt to a rapidly changing securities industry which has become the trend in modern daylights (Bratton & Gold, 2001). Answer 4 In modern day cutthroat competition in marketplace it is imperative for every organization to have an effective huma n resource management policy in place to continually stave off competitors while retaining address sensitive and efficient operations. HRM plays a significant role in this effort of an organization by extracting the outmatch out of employees. It must be admitted that human resource happens to be costliest asset of every organization as human resource is capable of not only self improvement and development but is also gifted with innovative capabilities, and, who can deny that in present day market scenario where every other competitor has nearly similar access to resources, innovation is the only way to stay ahead. This also raises other very important issue. An effectively administered human resource management policy reduces conflicts in workplace and builds up an ambience of harmony that is again conducive to fostering commitment by workers to their workplace. Such a attached team of workers can be motivated without much effort on the part of the human resource managers. And, a motivated workforce goes out of their way to ensure that the organization they love, adore and are royal to be a part of becomes a market leader (Chung, Jung, Baek, & Lee, 2008). Answer 5 The biggest impact of

Document Analysis of Julius Caesar's The Gallic War Essay

Document Analysis of Julius Caesars The G exclusivelyic contend - Essay ExampleThe Invasion of Britain The year 55 BC was Caesars first attempt at encroaching(a) Britain. It cannot be considered a complete success in the sense that after the excursion, the army went back to salientian and Britain was not occupied. But from the roman letters position, most assuredly from Caesars point of view, the invasion was a reverberate especially when he already received the homage of British tribal chiefs and kings. This, undoubtedly, was the needed evidence to lay down how the territory has already been conquered as far as the weight-lift is concerned. This first foray, however, has provided Caesar a fleeting coup doeil of the Britain and its societies. When they arrived, they found societies made up of large tribes and clans. Leaders of these groups were not averse to calling themselves kings even when all their constituents were an amalgamation of families and clans. In Caesars eyes w e are provided some details about how the early Britons conducted their affairs. For instance, he found this out for himself when he noted that the Cantii (people of Kent) have some(prenominal) kings from various kingdoms found in the region. military Strategy The first campaign involved several skirmishes with the Britons. The Romans had achieved a certain degree of success. And there were several accounts that provided a clear idea about the Roman military strategy in Gaul. The Britons like their far Gaul cousins are also tribal in the way they wage their fight. They adopted the guerilla tactic, which, of course, proven ineffective in the long run. Caesars legions were equipped and experienced in fighting in this condition. The soldiers had the benefit of Roman tuition, which produced the worlds first truly professional soldiers, those that considered their work as duty and responsibility, obeying the chain of predominate and are immune to external influence. Additionally, C aesars soldiers were already used to fighting similar strategies in their war with Gallic tribes. The long campaign in Gaul has equipped them with better understanding in get a line to the most effective approach in dealing with their British opponents. Essentially, the strategy adopted in Britain was calm of two major components the scorch earth strategy and the show of force. The former was adopted in response to the large British force. In addition, based from Caesars commentaries, the Britons also proved adept in theft and treachery. So the strategy entailed the burning and destruction of fields and property and the plunder of supplies in order to divest the opposition the resources to sustain their operations and weaken them in an effort to resolve conflict the soonest possible time. After a year passed, Caesar decided to lead another invasion and the campaign this time became a bigger conflict. The Romans and the Britons faced off in several bloody battles. The latter, of course, sustained the most damage since the training and discipline of the Roman force were unmatched. The poorly equipped British though far superior in number were still technically savages, too untrained, wielding rudimentary tools. The show of force was crucial in this campaign as demonstrated in the sheer number of Roman soldiers mobilized and the use of war machines and implements such as war elephants, which, of course, deterred much of the local populace. It is important to note

The Reference Letter of John Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Reference Letter of privy - Essay ExampleJohn proved to be altogether different from the rest of his colleagues as he looked at our business from the location of an outsider and this made a huge difference. He helped us to understand that funeral industry is not a great deal different from any other product or service industry with stakeholders such as owners, employees, customers, suppliers, competitors etc. and went about strategizing our operations, even as he plunged himself into executing his specific role with rare zeal. His entrepreneurial mottle and leadership qualities came to the fore as he involved himself in activities beyond the call of duty without treading on others toes. He is a team player par excellence. John changed the way we looked at our business in a number of areas like inventory control, running(a) capital management, buyer-seller relationships, marketing, customer relations and above all, adopting the technology. solely these changes as briefly ex plained below, have metamorphosed our operations like never before. John critically analyzed the past years data on stores and inventory movement and helped to rationalize the inventory management and thus working capital needs. He put in place a system of inventory control that bind up with the corporate goals of growth and profitability. Working capital costs have been brought down by avoiding graduate(prenominal) stemmas slow moving but easily available items, even as incidents of unforeseen emergencies due to stock outs of critical items were reduced. He has underlined the role of developing strategic relationships with critical suppliers in order to achieve a rational inventory control, whereby the suppliers are now more confident of their business with us and are uncoerced to meet our demands of prices and delivery schedules.

Constitution and Administrative Law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Constitution and Administrative Law - Coursework characterThe case was held by Lord Reid, that it was the posit was liability to compensate the damage caused to the Japanese. This was awarded successfully. However, there was a ex post facto Act of parliament that was formed 1965 following war damages. This law outlined that no compensation was to be awarded following a lawful order from a legitimate person in authority, as bulky as it is in the favor of the state.A Law is a corpse of principles rules and regulations recognized and applicable to a state in the management of justice.3 Due to different areas of their application, laws are grouped into different categories such as constitutional law, administration law, and criminal law among the others. Constitutional law is concerned with the powers and role of institutions within the state and with the relationship between the state and the citizen.4 The constitution is a lively, dynamic entity which at any point in time reflects the political and moral values of the people it governs. Accordingly, the law of the constitution must be apprehended within the social and political context in which it operates.There are three major implements of war of political sympathies including the judiciary, legislature, and executive. Judiciary is concerned with the enforcement of rules and regulations in the society. The main role of the legislature is to create and amend laws. The executive arm of government is concerned with planning and implementation of plans and developmental roles of government in the society.Every government has a law making body that is concerned with the amendments and creation of new laws in the society.5 Law changes and nature of rules are meant to boost efficiency and effectiveness of the governance of the people in the society. The law making body of government is referred to as legislature and parliament is the sovereign body of the legislation in most states6Parliament being the sovere ign legislative body has sole jurisdiction over its

Himalayan Tourism in Nepal Essay Example for Free

Himalayan touristry in Nepal Essay

The Development Quantum Computing Essay Example for Free

The Development Quantum Computing moveThe story of computers started with the abacus invented by the Babylonians around 500 B. C. In 1614 John Napier began to develop mechanical computers such as the Babbage several(predicate)ial engine that could carry out one fixed problem to the accuracy of 20 tenfold places using steam power. This is a picture of the left side of the Manchester Mark 1 computer, which was constructed in 1947.However, compute didnt advance until the introduction of vacuum tube powering in the early 20th century and transistors in 1947. At present computers work by manipulating bits, that give the gate only be of discrete values of 1 or 0. In a chassisal computer the value of a bit is generated by the voltage on a capacitor, with a charged capacitor representing 1 and an uncharged capacitor denoting 0.According to Moores law the good turn of transistors in computer chips doubles every 18 months and computers shake off been seen to double in speed and f ractional in size every two years, this is due to advanced lithography that allows wires and transistors contained in chips to be one ordinal of the breadth of a human hair These computers can carry out calculations using algorithms, a little set of instructions used to solve a particular problem, an example of a fast or usable algorithm is addition and a slow or hard algorithm is factorization.There a limits to present computers, that cant seem to be overcome by present technology. Hard algorithms like factorisation increase in conviction taken to solve exponential functionly when the number of digits increase, factorising a 400 digit number would take the most technologically advanced computer a billion years to perform. Computers have also reached their present size boundaries as transistors and wires cant be decreased to less than a width of an atom. (Approximately 10? 10 meters) The dawn of quantum computersIn 1982 Richard Feynman began to consider the idea of quantum compu ters and in 1985 a revolutionary make-up was published by David Deutsch of Oxford university, describing a universal quantum computer, however a use for quantum computers couldnt be base, until 1994 when Peter Shor from ATTs Bells laboratories devised a quantum algorithm that could theoretically perform efficient factorisation, creating a killer application for quantum computers for their great potential to escape complex codes, for example electronic bank accounts, which gain their security from the present difficulty in factorising walloping numbers.What a Quantum computer can do for you In order to continue the advance in cipher a new type of technology needed to be exploited. According to quantum physics a subatomic particle cant be said to exist, there are only probabilities of its existence and position until its decisive state and position is discovered, then its probabilities collapse. Quantum physics breaks down the classically binary nature of a bit, with the craft of a quantum bit or qubit that can exist in coherent superposition, i. e. as a 0, 1 or simultaneously as a 1 and 0, with a numerical coefficient representing the probability of each state.The qubit is represent by the nuclear spins of each individual atom, for example the motley in energy state. When you perform a calculation using an electron existing in both states you are performing two calculations, when other superposed qubit is added four calculations can be performed at once and so on. This exponential increase means that the time taken to carry out calculations rapidly decreases.The time to carry out calculations also decreases as atoms change energy states far quicker than even the fastest computer processors. With only a few century qubits it is possible to represent more numbers than there are atoms in our universe. It also increases storage power exponentially, as N qubits can store 2 numbers at once. Imagine the qubits are atoms whose contrasting electronic states can be controlled by a tuned laser this lead change their state allowing in only one computational step a calculation to be performed on 2 contrasting input numbers encoded in coherent superpositions of N qubits.The actual space a quantum computer will take up will be significantly smaller than present day desk tops, allowing the further learning of sophisticated, efficient palm held computers. This is because given the right calculation each qubit can take the place of an unblemished processor, meaning that 100 barium ions could take the place of 100 computer processors. Aside from computers quantum technology has true rapidly in the last ten years.In June 2002 a team of Australian scientist were able to transport a laser beam, causing it to disappear and be regenerated 3 ft away, the results are yet to be confirmed but if they are sound this development could in a matter of years be able to teleport actual objects significant distances. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance After Shor s discovery quantum computing construction began in earnest, however due to the phenomena of decoherence no atom or photon, being the qubit, can be of an undetermined state after being detected, the probabilities collapse and its state becomes definite.This makes further calculations impossible as the exponential element of the qubit has been lost, causing it to behave as a regular analogous bit. In order to living the coherence of the qubit the inner workings of a quantum computer must be separate from the outside surroundings to stop any interactions that may determine the state of the qubit from occurring, but also be accessible so that calculations can be carried out and results obtained.A solution was Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) a technique developed in the 1940s, which is widely used in medical imagery and chemistry. Experiments were carried out, during the mid 1990s and it was found using a classical fluid made of many (1023) selected molecules allowed each qubit to b e represented by many molecules allowing interactions to take place between some of the molecules but still maintaining the coherence of the qubit.NMR treats the spins of qubits as tiny bar magnets that will line up when a magnetized field is applied, allowing manipulation of the qubits. deuce alternative alignments are generated one parallel to the external field and one anti-parallel to the field, corresponding to two different quantum states. NMR procedures also use an oscillating electromagnetic field, which is specially selected according to the properties of the molecules used. This causes certain spins in the luculent to be rotated, causing them to perform the different calculations required.Example Hydrogen nuclei placed in a magnetic field of 10 tesla, change orientation at a frequency of 400 megahertz (radio frequency) callable to decoherence the pulse is only turned on for a few millionths of a second but can cause the spins to rotate by 180 degrees, a pulse half that length causes a 90 degree spin. This causes the spins to be of state 1 or 0 with equal probability. This causes the spin to rotate about the magnetic field, as shown in the image on the right. This rotation emits a weak radio signal, which is picked up by the NMR apparatus.

Strategies To Control Climate Change Essay Example for Free

Strategies To Control Climate Change Essayvirtuoso final cause to answer to the problem of international warming is a lot simpler in theory than it is in practice. given up the rate of economic growth of many of the developing countries and the shift of production to the less(prenominal)er developed countries, the death penalty of any global protocols is easier to imagine than to implement (Torn and Harte, 2006). Greenhouse gunes, which are cited as one of the main causes of global warming, are most commonly emitted from the highly industrialized countries and the less developed countries which rely heavily on industrial machinery for production. The problem in this scenario is that by cutting back on the emission of nursery gases, a majority of the worlds production of most major goods will be affected. The economic be not to mention the technological impediments that preventing the shift to more environment all in ally friendly methods make the reduction of these greenhous e gases extremely difficult (Rudiman, 2005). There have been steps that have been taken to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases.In order to address the situation of global warming, many countries have participated in the worlds primary international pact on combating global warming which is the Kyoto communications protocol. An amendment to the unite Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol binds signatory countries to reduce their emissions of CO2 and five other greenhouse gases. In the alternative, it allows these countries to engage in emissions job if they are able to maintain or increase emissions of these gases (Wigley, 2007).The problem with this protocol, however, is that it exempts developing countries from meeting emission standards in Kyoto (Choi and Fisher, 2003). Some of the countries that have been excluded from this list are China and India, who are ranked as the second and triad largest emitters of CO2, behind the United States . In addition, the United States and other Asian countries such as South Korea, China, Australia, lacquer and India created a coalition named Asia-Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate which upholds the objective of fostering technical league in the taking measures in order to prevent global warming (WMO, 2005).This coalition aims to design unsanded procedures that will facilitate the growth of each country without inflicting any harm to the environment. One of the coalitions programs in the Methane to Market initiative which reduces the amount of methane gas produced by industries through the employment of equipment that captures methane gas as soon as it is produced. South Korea and its partner countries are still searching for a protocol that would jock determine the allowable concentration of gas emissions in each country.However, there is still strong objurgation on whether this protocol reflects the current economic standards of South Korea because it has been observed that developing countries often aim to fulfill the same standards as that of developed countries, even if it entails some form of circumvention of gas emission laws of the country. In the United States, energy guidelines have been designed in order to foster energy efficiency and environmental cleanliness.One of the most visible programs in Energy Star which is a diversification of appliances that would promote emissions that contain less radiation and gases. Energy Star logos are often observed in appliances such as refrigerators, televisions and microwave ovens. In addition, the Department of Transported has initiated the annual monitoring of gas emissions from all types of vehicles.This directive has successfully been followed because the indispensability of gas emission checking was linked to the annual registration of vehicles. Should a vehicle be determined to be excessively emitting gases, the owner of the vehicle is required to fix this technical problem with his vehicle first in the lead the vehicle is issued any registration documents. This stringent law is thus difficult to be ignored and all vehicle operators are then educated in terms of the importance of checking their vehicles gas emissions regularly.

Hear My Cry Essay Example for Free

Hear My Cry Essay bear-sized Ma took Stacey, T. J. and Cassie to Strawberry to the market and also to take T. J. to the Barnetts Mer undersidetile. While they were in the market line of merchandise Cassie pointed out to swelled Ma that they were all the way at the end of the field and no-one would be able to see them. The w pull ine large numbers wagons were right at the front and if anyone wanted to come to the Logans wagon, by the metre they got there they would have bunions on their soles and corns on their toes. Additionally in Strawberry, when Cassie was in the Barnetts Mercantile Mr Barnett was taking a long time to see to T.J. s list. He kept on button to facilitate white multitude and then came back and didnt purge put in another item when he started to help a little white girl. When Cassie saw this she became slightly angry and thought Mr. Barnett had bury about T. J. s list. Cassie went to tell Mr. Barnett of T. J. s list and tugged at his sleeve. He recoile d and told her to wait. Then she got even angrier and told him that he had taken ages for their turn. Thats when Mr Barnett screamed, Whose little nigger is this? Stacey dragged Cassie out of the store and told her to shush.Mr Barnett was not being beautiful to the children and was treating them horribly. Once Cassie was outside she accidently bumped into Lillian Jean. She didnt want to create a fuss so when Lillian Jean asked her to condone she did. But Lillian Jean wanted more so she ordered Cassie into the road. Of course Cassie wasnt going to do that. When Lillian Jean went to grab Cassies arm, Cassie pulled it back but someone caught it and held it tight so it hurt. This was Mr Simms. He shoved her into the road and Cassie fell on her bottom. He told her to listen to Lillian Jean when she asked Cassie to get in the road.He asked her to apologize and Cassie said she had. When Mr Simms jumped into the road Cassie got really scared and thought her would hit her but he didnt. Th en she got up and ran to the wagon but somebody caught her, it was Big Ma. Then Big Ma told Cassie to apologize but Cassie still argued. Once again Big Ma told her and this time Cassie did. But Mr Simms demanded her to say Miz before his daughters name. And with a painful tear Cassie did. You can tell how upset she was because in the book it says No day in all my life had been as cruel as this one. Lastly, in the final chapters T. J. had become friends with R. W. and Melvin. But the Simms boys used this to their advantage. They would laugh behind T. J. s back but not in front of him. Then one day they forced him to switch into the Barnetts Mercantile and stole the pearl handle pistol. Also Mr and Mrs Barnett were left for dead. T. J. got all the blame and the Simms stood there ceremony when the Wallaces came for T. J. , T. J. got sent to jail and was to go to court while the Simms boys were left free. In conclusion, all white people had superiority over the depressed community.Th ey didnt treat them with respect, except a few (example Jeremy and Mr Jamison). Blacks had to call white people Miss or Mr. And white people made the law not blacks. They could hang a black for any reason, or no reason at all and no questions were asked. Black people were inured unfairly and unjustly. Saimah Sarwar 10a English GCSE Coursework Roll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text edition This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in ourGCSE Mildred Taylorsection.

Animal Testing Is Cruel and Unnecessary Essay Example for Free

Animal examen Is ferocious and Unnecessary shewIs the Statement Animal Testing is Cruel and Unnecessary Correct? It is common knowledge that many animals atomic number 18 used in medical and scientific research. These innocent animals are often obliged to undergo unnumbered of cruel processes and endure great suffering as a result. Despite all the disputes and discussions regarding whether or not animal try oning is actually necessary, they wouldnt change the concomitant that it is, in fact, an extremely cruel thing to do.Therefore, it is lonesome(prenominal) to be expected for the need for product testing involving experiments on animals to be strongly debated. The debates themselves usually roam around scientific, ethical and even political implications, often based upon biased beliefs. For example, an animal lover would understandably be against animal testing. They would, in fact, not care whether it is necessary or not. A doctor horrendous for a new research, on the other hand, would clearly think animal testing is necessary, and ignore the fact that thousands of animals are endangered because of it.I personally think animal testing is cruel. It is an inhumane thing to do, as animals too deserve to be treated normally, and not as objects that are just used to test whether a mascara is safe enough for a persons eyelashes or not. Furthermore, it has been proven that about 9% animals such as rats, rabbits and mice end up dying after going through these experiments. Do you honestly think the change magnitude number of these animals is worth a new type of blush-on or eyeliner?Regarding the statement Animal Testing is Cruel and Unnecessary, I would have to agree with the first point Animal testing is, indeed cruel. Nevertheless, as I am not exactly experienced in the medical field, I managed to do some research, and in the end found a rather interesting quote verbalize by two doctors, Ray and denim Greek, who briefly mentioned the necessity of animal testing in their book Sacred Cows and Golden Geese. They said Animal experimentation is not necessary. It is expensive. It is inaccurate. It is misleading. It consumes limited resources. And further, it is detrimental to the very species it professes to be working to assistance humankind. coming from doctors, I found their explicit quote to be rather surprising. Moreover, even though animal testing is not always accurate, there isnt a definite answer as to whether the term Animal Testing is Cruel and Unnecessary is true or not. Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, to each their own, thus I couldnt help but fathom their statement. With all these advanced technology, knowledge and finances, have we indirectly dehumanized ourselves?

Multiculturalism in Counseling Essay Example for Free

Multi ethnicism in Counseling EssayABSTRACTStemming from the uprising in the 1960s, multiculturalism has presented serious challenges to the society, especially to the academic sector. Criticized by companionable root words, aims were inclined to ad opt programs in recognition of the multicultural population, and later on structured their strategys to cater to the consumes of the growing population. Today, multiculturalism has become an valuable consideration in designing cultivate programs, facilities, and hiring policies. Particularly, inculcate instruction was squareness celestial orbit that went through a nonable smorgasbord. The introduction of this paper gives a brief historical background of multiculturalism in initiate counselor-at-law-at-law. It discusses how multiculturalism was turn backd into the coach curriculum, and was adopted in give lessonsing rede.The main trigger of this paper discusses the competencies all(prenominal) instruct coun sel moldiness possess to address the needs of multicultural pupils. Anchoring on the three centre of attention competencies send by the AMCD, this paper presents ways on how one can be go to sleep subscribe togeable of clients worldviews in order to serve them best. In addition, it raises different devices or strategies pleaders whitethorn consider when dealing with multicultural bookmans. The decisiveness of the paper summarizes the ideal char soureristics of a management, and presents further considerations give lessons day administrators and pleaders can make to ensure effective counselor strategies which adhere to the demands of multiculturalism.IntroductionMulticulturalism as Rosado (1997) defines, is a system of values and demeanours which recognizes and respects the presence of all versatile groups in societytheir identities, values and socio-cultural differences. In addition, multiculturalism supports continued contri hardlyion of the last in the society.Bas ed on this definition, we can view multiculturalism as the harmonious coexistence of different cultures in the society. In the rootages view, culture is not limited to bases of origin. Culture may arise from similar beliefs, attitudes, or feelings of a certain group of quite a little. Thus, it also encompasses those who have the same subcultures base on values, economic military position, socio-political status, or sex. Particularly, those who have the same subculture establish on sex implicate women, gays, sapphics and transg reverseer individuals.In the same manner, lot be broading to the same economic status or religion sh are a similar subculture that launches their mixture from another(prenominal)s. In this issue, we conjure up to multicultural flock as those who embody a different set of cultures and subcultures, other than the native culture or the majority. As such, we may define multiculturalism as an approach that recognizes diversity in culture among different ethnic, gender, economic, socio-political, and religious backgrounds.Multiculturalism has also become a prevalent topic in develop focus. It has prompted psychologists and educators around the world to review schooltime practices that hamper culturally diverse students from performing well in school. Now that the growing population of multiculturally diverse students seems to be taking over the White population, the challenges that go with implementing multiculturalism in counseling would probably be much(prenominal) relevant in the adjoining decades. Multiculturalism in CounselingIn the field of educational activity, authors claim that multiculturalism rooted extinct from the social action of African Americans and other people of color back in the 1960s (Banks, Davidson Davidson, as cited in Gorski, 1999). The common feeling that schools had the most hostile and oppressive treatment of other cultures aroused them to take issue and fight for reforms. In those d ays, African Americans and other cultures suffered from racism and discrimination from the White population who occupied electric chair or management statuses. Colored people were treated as second chassis citizens, if not as popcasts. However, through the efforts of African American activists, schools were compelled to review their policies and hiring process in consideration of the non-Whites.In the 1970s, other groups such as the elderly, gays, lesbians, and people with disabilities also contested that institutions should pay equal respect to all peoples on matters of enjoyment, educational opportunities, and work pay. Following this, a arrive of programs and policies emerged, including additional courses on prominent women or famous people of color. Despite this effort, social activists were not satisfied, for schools solitary(prenominal) celebrated women of greatness, and not women in general. For instance, James Banks (19811989), one of the pioneers of multicultural edu cation argued that to adhere to the idea of multicultural environment, all aspects of the school had to be reviewed. According to him, policies, teachers attitude, assessment programs, and counseling should be transformed accordingly. This concept of multicultural education coincided with the idea of social comparison among diverse cultures.By 1980s, conjoining the path of Banks, K-12 teachers, namely, Carl Grant, Christine Sleeter, Geneva Gay, and Sonia Nieto exposed and criticized oppressive teaching approaches, standardized tests, schoolroom climate, and discriminatory hiring practices. Relevantly, this created in every academic master the challenge to recognize diversity or as later coined, multiculturalism, and make it their mission to manage and live diversity (Rosado, 1997 ).Being multicultural does not only when mean having a student population composed of various cultures, though this is often the contention of more schools. Rosado points out that for a school to clai m they are multicultural, they mustiness at least adhere to quaternary standards. These include reflecting heterogeneity, demonstrating sensitivity, realigning the schools mission, and creating an ambiance that empowers all groups in the school.With clear and careful intention, Rosado argues that schools should adopt change geared towards multiculturalism on individual as well as institutional levels. On the one hand, by saying individual level, we mean that schools should aim at urging administration, teachers and students to transcend beyond their cognition racial, gender, cultural and socio-political indistinguishability to recognize other identities. On the other hand, as Rosado con melt downs, institutional level means center on empowering diversity. This goes beyond merely admitting people of color, simply also taking into consideration in the schools mission, vision, values, and structure how it can empower each individual.Although motivated by good intention, empowerin g people of diversity, as pointed out by Rosado may virtuallytimes lead to a useful view of giving a person his needs in exchange of what he can state his society. We say that this is very utilitarian in that it sees the individual as a utility, more than an entity with values, attitudes, and make believeion. In contrast, we should be inclined to think that it is the schools responsibility to go out the different needs of individuals in recognition of their diversity and nothing else. No conditions should apply as to whether the society can profit from his acts or not. Relevantly, whether the person is worthy of rewards of multiculturalism should not be an issue.Four intentions have motivated the adoption of multiculturalism in education. These include the need to remedy ethnocentrism, rebuild grounds and appreciation of different cultures, defuse tension and conflicts among ethnic groups, and make the school curricula relevant to experiences and traditions (Webb, 1990). In th e abutting part, we testament discuss how well these motivations relate to school counseling. Many research works confirm the compulsive effects of multicultural education on students. For example, Hale (1986) shows that churlren in a preschool program achieved higher cognitive levels upon integrating African American culture in the curriculum. In the same way, Zaslavsky (1988) demonstrates how elements of other cultures can overhaul in teaching complex math concepts to students of an inner-city school. Fulton-Scott (1983) confirms benefits of integrating multicultural education in elementary programs for Latino students. The subject field reveals that students scores in Math, Reading, and Language were significantly superior over those of students enrolled in programs without multicultural integration. Benefits of multiculturalism are likewise recognized in the field of Psychology, particularly in school counseling. However, research in this sphere has focused more on couns elors multicultural competence rather than on the effect of counseling founded on multiculturalism. In 1991, the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development (AMCD) give away the need and rationale for multicultural counseling. This led to the approval of 31 multicultural counseling competencies as proposed by fulfill et al. (1992) in 1991. Following this, in 2002, the APA Council of Representatives approved the Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice and Organization Change, which was, in fact, based on the work of Sue et al. The need to adopt multiculturalism in counseling, especially in schools, is actually urgent and necessary for ethical reasons. In relation to this, AMCD identifies three characteristics counselors must possess. First is counselor conscious(predicate)ness of own assumptions, values, and biases. Second is consciousness the worldview of the culturally different client and third, developing confiscate intervention stra tegies and techniques Primarily, culturally skilled counselors can be identified as those who have awareness of other peoples culture other than their own. They are aware of how their cultural background, experience, attitude, biases, and values influence the counseling process of a client. Moreover, these counselors recognize their limits when it comes to tolerating other values, behaviors, or norms. To add, culturally skilled counselors are also comfortable with differences in the midst of them and the clients in terms of race, gender identity, ethnicity, culture, and beliefs.To illustrate, the first circular of competency requires a counselor to mirror whether his own values and beliefs would personally or professionally affect the process of counseling. For example, a Christian counselor may have biases towards a Muslim student, for they have truly different belief systems. In this situation, if the counselor has no intimacy of ethical limitations, he might put forward that his beliefs are better or are morally upright, and those of the students are the opposite.However, such end may be prevented if the counselor is fully aware of conflicting values he has with the student. In our own view, a school counselor should be open to all values of every student. This is different from the counselor in the private sector. In school counseling, the counselor who cannot accept views of some students is not fit for school counseling. A school counselor should have readiness to counsel every student, and there should be no instance when he would not accept a student for counseling. To ensure that the counselor meets the first indispensableness mentioned above, he should reflect on his values and find out if he has beliefs against any culture, including students with different gender identities, cultural or religious practices, and other moral practices that their culture has taught them. For instance, taking into consideration the eccentric of students with gen der identity problem, the counselor must be careful not to insist that the student sticks to his biological gender. Rather, he should exercise care in handling this case. After all, the whole breeding of the student may front on the decision he makes at the time of counseling.Culturally skilled counselors possess friendship and sympathiseing about how gender stereotyping affects them personally and professionally. Considering the sensitivity of the issue of gender identity disorder, the school counselor must be careful not to affect the decision and values of the individual, for he is going to suffer later on should he take the maltreat decision. Moreover, as Sue et al. contend, culturally skilled counselors possess knowledge about their social impact on others. These include ones awareness of own conversestyle, and how this style may hinder or facilitate the counseling process. Recognizing limits of their competencies, school counselors may confer with their colleagues how t o defeat these weaknesses. Aside from this, they should seek further training or education on other cultures as a way to do away with biases. The process of balancing ones view of other cultures may take a lifetime as new concepts may arise everyday. For example, the term transgender individuality appeared only in our modern times, but the concept of transforming from one gender to another has been known as early as the time of Sophocles or even earlier. In this regard, counselors should not grow tired of finding ways for self-actualization. also, on the second characteristic, it is the responsibility of the culturally skilled counselor to gather resources to learn about the identity of other cultures. In the case of homo knowledgeableity among students, the counselor should know the different sides of the coin in world a homosexual. In particular, counselors who deal with this issue should have a good understanding of the process of creation a homosexual (Adams, Boatwright, Gil bert, Forrest Ketzenberger, Cass, Chung Katayama, Croghan, Driscoll, Kelley Fassinger, Dunkle, and Pope, as cited in Sanabria, 2004). With this knowledge, he must let the student decide on his own whether to retain his gender identity or move to the phase of coming out.climax out or in other words, admitting to the society that one belongs to a specific gender case is in itself a dilemma among teenagers with identity confusion. The specific role of the counselor in this situation is to garter the youth consider advantages and disadvantages of coming out (Adams, Belz, Brown, Croteau Hedstrom, Elliott, Hetherington, Morgan Brown, Morrow, Pope, Rodriguez Chang, Pope Schecter, Savin-Williams, as cited in Sanabria, 2004). Additionally, the counselor should eviscerate the student in the stage of coming-out by training him/her how to deal with peoples inquiry about his identity. For example, the counselor could give real-life scenarios, and ask the student to react on them in orde r to ensure that he would be prepared for particular instances when he would experience doubt.If the counselor feels affirmative or senses tolerance toward gays and lesbians but lacks the knowledge to handle cases of these individuals, he could improve his familiarity with them through a lot of ways. One source of invaluable instruction is reading literatures regarding gay/lesbian culture. At present, explorations on gender-specific cases are improving in terms of number and depth. These readings can guide a counselor to discover gay/lesbian cultural identity. Likewise, attending conferences or symposia, gathering insights from past clients and friends who belong to the same gender type leave behind also contribute a lot (Sanabria, 2004).Also, as Sanabria expresses, if the counselor feels that he is not qualified to handle the case, it is only ethical to refer the student to someone who could offer him the right counseling. superchargemore, counselors who cannot be affirmative of gay and lesbian culture are probably misinformed and should look into themselves again if they are fit for be a school counselor. The issue regarding sexual minorities is only one of the issues a school counselor must be able to handle. If the counselor cannot athletic supporter sexual minorities, he should reconsider if he should continue practicing in the academic setting.Suffice to mention, the National course Development Association, American Counseling Association, and American Psychological Association have well-defined ethical codes that offer guidance for individuals who work with sexual orientation issues. Included in these ethical codes is the knowledge about students behavioral identity. Importantly, culturally skilled counselors should be aware of life experiences, cultural heritage, and historical background of their multicultural students. For instance, an Asiatic American student has different historical and cultural background from a Latino counterpart, or an A frican American. When counseling an Asian American, for example, a Chinese girl who cannot relate well with her classmates, a counselor must be informed of the conservative values Chinese families have. Actually, the attitude of keeping ones quiet may be in conformity with Confucian values. In this regard, the counselor cannot expect the girl to be as outgoing as her classmates are, for the behavior she presents embodies a cultural heritage among the Chinese.Furthermore, culturally skilled counselors understand the consequences arising from ones exercise of cultural traditions and rites. In some parts of Asia, for instance, there is comfort the springer of prearranged marriage. Thus, a counselor who encounters a high school student in this situation should suspend appreciation of the custom, but rather honor it, and perhaps counsel the child to make her own choice, after place down the consequences of abiding by the culture. In considering choices, the counselor may enumerate p ossible circumstances the child would face if she relents to her parents decision, or vice versa. Under no circumstances should the counselor dictate to the child what she should do as this may result in confusion or family conflict.Likewise, the counselor may also opt to explain the issue to the parents, but before doing so, the counselor must take precautions so as not to offend them. At all times, respect should form part of every counseling situation.Aside from obtaining a rich background of their students, a competent counselor, according to Sue et al. should also be kept updated with the up-to-the-minute trends and occurrences that concern his clients. In the case of a school counselor, it would be of great alleviate if he engages in research and other activities to keep him updated with the students lingo, hobbies, behavioral patterns, etc. They should actively seek out opportunitiespersonal and professional experiences that enrich their knowledge, understanding, and cross- cultural skills.Moreover, as some schools implement nowadays, counselors can engage in outside school activities such as outreach programs, educational trips, camps, and other activities which would help gain a more vivid pen of the counselees. They should also be actively baffling with minority individuals outside the school setting. Community events, celebrations, and other gatherings may help provide a wider perspective of minorities which relate with the academic scenario.Considering the dynamic role that the school counselor plays in society, the responsibility of ensuring that they possess the relevant qualities expected of a counselor should be borne by colleges offering the course or training. Based on the literature gathered, schools have positively become fully implicated about the issue of multiculturalism. Many schools and universities nowadays adhere to the demands of the culturally diverse society. However, the way to attaining competency of some school counselors may still be too far.In one study Holcom-McCo y (2000) conducted, the author identified five underlying factors influencing school counselors perception of themselves as competent professionals. These factors included understanding of racial identity development, ability to comprehend multicultural terminology, multicultural awareness, knowledge, and skills. Among which, counselors perceived lack of knowledge of racial identity development as the problem that hindered them from being fully competent in multiculturalism.To address this problem, Schwallie-Giddis et al. (as cited in Sanabria, 2004) suggest that future school counselors should undergo multicultural training on racial identity development, and multicultural knowledge development. In a study conducted, school counselors assessed the effectiveness of a nine-month multicultural professional development program. The study involved 13 school counselors in a multicultural professional development program held from school year 2001-2002. Applying three dimensions of multicultural competencies, the participants assessed their own competencies. Resources included a videotape of a case study to which participants reacted, in order to discover assumptions, values and biases.To assess understanding of the clients worldviews, the study made use of case studies of linguisti phone namey and culturally diverse (liquid crystal display) students. The participants were asked to apply a framework to the cases to examine aspects school counselors should consider when handling diverse students. The participants had a lengthy discussion on the provided cases, and at the end of the session, they expressed the advantage of having discussions with peers. some other session comprised of a panel interview with three mothers of different cultures. Each of the women communicationed about her childs experiences in school, all of which related to the inefficiency of the school officials to handle multicultural students. In all the issues raised, lack of conversation surfaced as the most recurrent problem. In relation to this, participants commented that had there been proper communication between parents and school officials, issues would have been resolved more easily.Moreover, the study also included a session that dealt with developing appropriate interventions to cases of LCD students. Through this, participants were able to exchange views and experiences which could help build up a resource for interventions to cases of LCD students. Based on this session, counselors noted that most of them found it vexed to deal with LCD student primarily because of the language barrier. Furthermore, insecurities due to lack of knowledge of other cultures affected the competencies of the participants.In sum, the school counselors agreed that having decorous facility to understand the student and overcoming language barriers is one major key to providing adequate help to students.Similarly, Chandras et al. (2006) suggest counseling strategies and techniques in handling multicultural students. One skill they emphasized to be critical in every counseling situation is effective listening. Effective listening, as Neuknug (2002) defines, includes supporting students to talk, concentrating on what is being said, giving token(prenominal) advice, empathizing, asking for clarifications, and limiting questions. When handling multicultural students, it is pregnant for the counselor to be fully sensitive to communicative cues that relate to culture. For instance, a student who is often bullied in class may not admit wherefore he is being bullied due to his insecurity. There are some students who would rather keep the truth to themselves or resolve their own conflicts instead of asking help from school officials. Despite this attitude, a good school counselor could still unlock verbal cues that could make the student open up. For example, a child who claims he is not interested in reservation frien ds with his classmates could likewise mean that his classmates are cruel to him and not completely uninteresting. As such, clarifying responses and not directly giving advice may help the child reflect on his own situation.To maintain effective counseling strategy, a constructive and emphatic relationship is very important (Chandras et al., 2006). In this respect, the counselors role is first to build up trust and optimism. On the one hand, gaining trust of a student is paramount to establishing a good relationship. Without trust, there can be no revelations, no life experiences told. On the other hand, developing optimism facilitates finding a solution to the problem. Also, when a student perceives that there is a solution to the dilemma, he becomes more willing to cooperate in the counseling process. auxiliary to the abovementioned is discussing stages of the counseling process. It is important to inform the counselee how the counseling would go, what can be achieved during couns eling stages, and how long they will take. unneurotic with this, the counselor should set guidelines both he and the student will follow, such as time schedule, behavior rules, and limitations.Chakras et al. determine other responsibilities of a counselor. These include preparing the student for counseling session. As a counselor, one has to establish the reason why the student should undergo counseling. communicate the student what he feels is wrong, or open fireing experiences that seem difficult for him are ways to prepare the student. In addition, the counselor must assert that the problem can be worked out if the counselee cooperates in resolving it. Also, some situations that lead to the attention are considered for school counseling. These include gaolbreak school rules, misbehaving, or underachievement. As such, the class adviser and the school counselor should work hand in hand regarding record of students behavior and progress.One of the misconceptions about counseling is that students are referred to it only for disciplinary purposes. Students tend to think that if they are called for counseling, they have been noted to misbehave in school. Thus, some students create a wrong view that counselors are disciplinarians. Importantly, this issue should be addressed during school orientation, letting the students know and feel that counseling is a component process, and not a disciplinary one. Furthermore, what the counselor can do to avoid this misconception is to call each student one by one, get to know them, and allow a time for them to be acquainted with her and her work, so that fears regarding counseling could be avoided. Importantly, not only those who have reports of misbehavior should be called for counseling, but every student handled by each counselor.During counseling session, one good characteristic the counselor should salute is to remain focused on the specific problem. If the students problem concerns only his classmates, the counsel or should identify ways to resolve it at the said level, and not delve on the students family background, as such may give the student an impression that his problem is huge. For example, if the student identifies that he is having problems with classmates bullying him, the counselor must call the attention of the said classmates and allow the said parties to explain the issue (i.e., tell them of the situation to find out if they are aware of the problem they cause their classmate).Furthermore, it is the counselors role to sustain interest of the counselee during the counseling process. To attain this, the counselor should ask questions relevant to the situation, and involve the counselee in arriving at the best workable solution. Asking irrelevant questions and monopolizing the discussion may distract the concentration of the counselee. In addition, the counselor may give assignments or house work so that the student would feel responsible and be prepared for the next counseling s ession.As regards developing appropriate intervention strategies and techniques to help multicultural students, counselors should also be effectively involved in non-academic and out-of-school activities. As the core of the students personality, the counselor should focus first on building family relationships. Activities involving the students family would be an effective strategy to (1) know students well, (2) gain knowledge of family structure of students, whether parents are separated, and where students stay, (3) provide a venue for family bonding, and (4) inform parents of their childrens progress/problems. Parent occasion in counseling is inevitable. any(prenominal) studies confirm student improvement in academic performance, attitudes and behavior, attendance, school adjustment and engagement, and graduation rates (Barnard, Epstein, Simons-Morton Crump, as cited in Sanabria). In Jevnes (as cited in Sanabria), a recent meta-analysis of 41 studies shows a significant relati onship between parents involvement in school and academic achievement of urban students. Parent involvement in school can include activities designed to inform them of their childrens progress, workshops or conferences to help them look at with the difficulties of parenting, marriage, etc. However, some parents lack the initiative to get involved in their childs school personal business. As Lareau (as cited in Sanabria, 2004) posits, parents perceptions of racism and their own negative school experiences tend to create the distance between them and the schools. One study conducted by McKay, Atkins, Hawkins, Brown (as cited in Sanabria, 2004) found that the racism awareness of low-income African American parents was positively related to at-home parental involvement, and inversely related to at-school involvement. In this case, the counselor should coordinate closely with class advisers and other school officials to help convince these parents to give priority to their children. On e source of motivation could be research data establishing correlation between childrens progress and parental involvement.One activity the counselor could organize is a Day with Parents. This could be a panel discussion involving model parents (probably of outstanding students) to act as the panel, and discuss relevant issues with students and co-parents. In this activity, the panel discusses ways on how they get involved with the affairs of their children, and how these measures create positive output to them. After the pane interview/discussion, the parents may exchange ideas in a forum to discuss proper ways to bring up children. Specifically, student problems, whether academic or personal, may also be brought up.Another activity the counselor could organize is a family day in which the whole family will come to the school to enjoy rides, games, or dining together. This event may be school-wide and would need the participation of every school personnel and students.Aside from or ganizing events for the family, the school counselor could also incorporate in the program field trips, camping, games, and other fun activities for the students. This will help students, especially with multicultural background, to get to know their classmates well. This way, they would also find time to have more friends. Aside from this, fun activities would also make them move in that school is not just for learning academics but also for having fun. Moreover, other activities school counselors could provide include workshops or performing arts activities. These activities are very ideal to cultivate the talents of students. Examples of which include art, theater arts, dance, and relation workshops. After the workshops, counselors could also have a culminating activity in which students show what they have learned from the workshop. For arts, students will have an art exhibit, for dance, theater arts, and singing, the counselor could propose to school administration to allow a design or show, in which students will be the performers. This particular activity could also serve as a fund raising campaign aside from showcasing the talent of students. Other activities to make students bring to pass their potentials include sports activities/intramurals. This would allow sports-minded students to show their capabilities in their field. Also, this could serve as the schools campaign against drug use among students. Further to the given interventions, counselors could also conduct career orientation, especially for graduating students. In this activity, the counselor would invite some professionals to talk about their career to inspire students to follow a similar path. At the end of the session, the counselor would elicit from students, which career aroused their interest, and what made them interested to it. Importantly, students should be given many options to choose from, and career professionals to be invited should likewise have multicultural identity, s o that students can easily relate with them. Evaluation sessions should also follow to allow room for improvement. Counselors also have a part in the schools corporation outreach. By giving orientation to students regarding the activity and motivating them to help other people, students will realize that the helping profession is not limited within the four corners of the school. The participation of the counselor is very important as this will strengthen the role of the counseling profession and the schools mission of helping other people. Other interventions the counselor could incorporate in the counseling program include achievement tests, personality tests, and other assessments to gauge the students academic and personal progress. These could help identify the needs of the students or their inclinations to serve as guide in choosing their future career.There are a lot of ways a school counselor can adopt to help in the holistic development of students. In adopting each interv ention, what is important is to take for granted in mind its applicability to the multicultural students. As each student comes from a different background, it is imperative mood to learn about them individually, and not just by names or culture affiliation. As long been practiced by other counseling professionals, one strategy the counselor could employ is to do home visits. By visiting students in their home, the counselor will gain a clear and accurate date of the students background. Similarly, this would also create for him a first-hand experience of the students cultural background.ConclusionAs we continue to live in the Information Age, we are driven to realize the many impacts of multiculturalism on people, educational institutions, and society in general. In particular, we see how it changed history in the 1960s with the civil protest of Black Americans, and how it restructured school policies on employment of faculty, and treatment of students. Similarly, we see how it inspired minority groups to express their views and contribute to the rich and modern culture. Moreover, we see the important role of multiculturalism in the counseling programs of schools and the participation, not to mention the challenges it continues to bring counselors in providing care and assistance.Although discrimination based on race, ethnic origin, gender, religion, disability, socio-political, and economic status are still evident in our society, the progress win by forerunners and supporters of multiculturalism make us look forward to a better nation in the next decades. As time unfolds, we may take pride as we watch Americans embrace Africans, Asians, and other people of color. This view will continue to unveil as school administrators continue to uphold and cultivate the gifts of diversity in their orientation of students and communities.Much to the efforts made by school activists, we may look forward to more reforms in the counseling scene, either in schools or co mmunities. The standards set by the AMCD or APA would continue to lead counselors to realize the importance of their roles in the society. The role played by counselors is not an easy task. However, by being conscious of their own tendency toward biases, counselors would avoid disserving their clients, and in the long run, the attitude of people especially schoolchildren toward counseling would further be affirmative.Moreover, adhering to the second characteristic, counselors would maintain a sensitive attitude toward cultures of other people. As such, they will feel the importance of bridging gaps among multicultural individuals, thus becoming proponents of unity and peace in the long run.Also part of the competency requirements of counselors is to devise or organize strategies to provide relevant counseling and helping run to the people. In this respect, their role is not limited to the school setting they serve, but it is likewise relevant to the community they work with. By ful filling their part as community helpers, counselors would have a richer cultural experience which could help in their field.Recognizing the difficult task expected of counselors, we may develop the doubt regarding the capability of school counselors of like a shot in taking on the said challenges. In this regard, counselors would need all the assistance it could get from school officials such as teachers, principal, and other staff. Through the collaboration between counselors and school officials, multicultural students will realize the important contribution they can make in the society, not only in their group but also in the lives of other people, in the fields of technology, manpower, innovation, and care for the environment.The nature of helping students does not end in counseling them or providing moral support. Rather, it extends to making them feel their importance as people, providing them choices in life, and cultivating their talents. The counseling program of every sch ool should be the most active program among all, as it involves not only the students and counselors, but also other school officials, including the teachers, librarian, and support staff. If every one in the school system shares in the goal of achieving multicultural counseling, we can hope for the success of multicultural students. As such, everyone should his/her own part and responsibilities in promoting the welfare of the studentsthat is, giving respect to people of other cultures, helping them realize their life goals, and making them co-creators of society.Despite all the efforts exerted by counselors and other individuals to make up a better society, we can still note some people, even students who would resist multiculturalism. The harsh picture of some students exhibiting exclusivist attitude toward their peers should not be overlooked. Rather, it should be the concern of everyone in the school, especially its officials.In line with this, more studies should be conducted o n how to incorporate multicultural views into the counseling program of every school, beginning from pre-schools to post-graduate schools. It would also help if psychological groups or associations would set standards particularly for multicultural school counseling. These rules would serve as guide for school administrators in choosing the right school counselor.While it is the role of school counselors to provide counseling to multicultural students, it would also help if schools would implement a procedure to evaluate if other aspects of the school adhere to promoting cultural diversity. Particularly, school administrators should realize that the issue of multiculturalism should not be addressed by the counseling program alone, but also by all aspects of the school, including the material structure of the school. In this regard, future research in psychology could include ways on how the schools physical structure could support counseling programs for multicultural students.Refe rencesChandras, Kan, David DeLambo, Sunil Chandras. (2006). Counseling strategies and techniques to sensitize school counselors to the life experiences of culturally different students. Retrieved January 28, 2008, from http//www.counselingoutfitters.com/Chandras.htmConstantine, Madonna. (2001). Universal-diverse orientation and general expectations about counseling Their relation to college students multicultural counseling expectations. diary of college student development. Retrieved January 28, 2008, from http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3752/is_200111/ai_n8993131Freedman, Kenneth. (1999). Multicultural counseling. Retrieved January 23, 2008, from http//www.alaska.net/fken/Multiculture.htmGorski, Paul. (1999). A Brief History of Multicultural Education. Retrieved January 25, 2008, from http//www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/edchange_history.htmlHanna, Fred. (2000). Asian shades of spirituality implications for multicultural school counseling. Professional school couns eling. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0KOC/is_5_7/ai_n6121238Harris, Anthony. (2007). Philosophy and techniques of multicultural education. diary of multidisciplinary research. Vol. 1 Issue 1. Retrieved January 22, 2008, from http//www.scientificjournals.org/journals2007/articles/1080.htmLesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender students. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http//www.getthetoolkit.com/publications/transgender%20students.pdfPatterson, C.H. (1996). Multicultural counseling from diversity to universality. Journal of counseling and development. Retrieved January 25, 2008, from http//www.sageofasheville.com/pub_downloads/MULTICULTURAL_COUNSELING_FROM_DIVERSITY_TO_UNIVERSALITY.pdfRosado, Caleb. (1997). Toward a definition of multiculturalism. Retrieved January 30, 2008, from http//www.rosado.net/pdf/Def_of_Multiculturalism.pdfRosado, Caleb. (n.d.). What makes a school multicultural? January 24, 2008, from http//www.edchange.org/ multicultural/papers/caleb/multicultural.htmlSanabria, Samuel. (2004). Culturally appropriate career counseling with gay and lesbian clients. Career development quarterly. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http//www.thefreelibrary.com/Culturally+appropriate+career+counseling+with+gay+and+lesbian+clients.-a0127052322Sue, Derald Wing, Patricia Arredondo, and Roderick McDavis. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards A call to the profession. Retrieved January 25, 2008, from www.counseling.org/Files/FD.ashx?guid=e14f8c36-41e7-4af8-830d-69f6057986d7 Van Velsor, Patricia Graciela Orozco. (2007). Involving low-income parents in the schools Communitycentric strategies for school counselors. Professional school counseling. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http//www.thefreelibrary.com/Involving+low-income+parents+in+the+schools%3a+communitycentric-a0171018638Webb, Michael. (1990). Multicultural education in elementary and secondary schools. Eric digest number 67.Retrieved January 24, 2008, from http//www.ericdigests.org/pre-9218/secondary.htm

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Personal Development in wellness EssayOutcome 1 Understand what is required for competence in suffer work utilisationDescribe the duties and responsibilities of own work role.On a day to day basis the daily business lines be as followsDaily weekly jobsAm check oer money tinsVisual check of home and outside(prenominal)Support clients in BreakfastSupport Clients in getting up and showering if needed medicinal drug at 9amHandover form Early to Mid shift if neededSupport clients in their jobsOwn administration jobs to be completed throughout day inc SWIMS, Time Sheets, Emails, objectives, my way forward etc. Link working with clients dissolver phone, and complete anything as it comes inPrepare lunch and dinnerMedication at 1pmHandover to PM supply at 2pm as long as is neededPM need to check money tinsCheck jobs and clean etc if neededSupport clients as needed4.45 medication before M shift goes5.30 eve meal is servedAny PM specific cleaning jobs9pm Sleep shift comes on with Handover9.30 Evening Medication is givenSleep shift checks fridge and freezer temperaturesSleep specific jobs see cleaning contention by microwaveClosing checks of al-QaidaAssist clients to bed if neededOn the wider scale my job is as followsJOB PURPOSETo provide care and support to individuals residing in a Registered Care Home setting.CLIENT SUPPORT To actively seek to empower service users to gain and maintain control over all aspects of their lives To support clients with someoneal care as detailed in care plans developed by other(a)s ensuring they are treated with dignity and respect at all times To undertake tasks as direct by Senior Registered Support Worker and/or Service Manager To support clients with laundry activities To allege food for the RCH and/or support clients with shopping To support and /or accompany clients to collect benefits or other Continues for 9 more pages Read full memorial Full access is free for premium users. supplement to Library (0) Downlo adPrint Report this EssayFacebookTwitterGoogle+SendRate This Document4.5 12345Read full documentFull access is free for premium users.Document DetailsViews 168Words 2433Related EssaysUnit 332 adopt in pPage 1 Kathryn Di Terlizzi Unit 332 choose in personal ontogeny in health, social care10 Pages October 2013Engage in Personal DevelEngage in personal development in health, social care or childrens and young peoples settings.6 Pages October 2012Sc32 Engage in PersonalSC32 Engage in personal development in health, social care or childrens and young peoples10 Pages March 2013SHC 32 Engage in personSHC 32 Engage in personal development in health, social care or childrens and young peoples6 Pages March 2014Unit Shc22 IntroductioSHC 22 1.1 Describe and explain the duties and responsibilities of your own work role.7 Pages November 2011