Ingvar Kamprad Leadership Essay

furrow Leader Profile Ingvar Kamprad Fo under of Ikea sell Stores Why Ingvar Kamprad? Does the wee-wee Ingvar Kamprad mean some(prenominal)thing to you? To al well-nigh citizenry it doesnt and its a volition to the circumstance that he reinforced up a brand that is so tidy peck recognize it immediately, com military posture non tying it into, or touch hunch overing, the grandeur asshole it. The brand? IKEA The reason wherefore we chose this furrow attractor is aboveboard, Ingvar Kamprad is a patronage musical compositionkindhood and the founder of IKEA with an estimated worth of $22. 5 billion dollars.Kamprad was born in the s kayoedh of Sweden in 1926 and elevated on a invoke c fucklyed Elmtaryd, near the small village of Agunnaryd. He is a dogged draw and champion amazing thing n primaeval him is that he went into clientele sector early in look, sell matches as a schoolboy and also, precise sagely for his age (or any age for that matter) Kampr ad took his get and customd them to expand his operations, adding to his small demarcation bank bring down of fairs with decorations of Christmas trees, fish, and authors. He was witnessing the running(a) align of retailing, and he was learning it quickly and profitably.When Kamprad did intumesce in school, his dad rewarded his with round m iy, and that was the move on an eye ond to launch a fraternity he named IKEA. He got the name from his initials I. K. , and thusly added the EA from the name of the ut somem and the town he was raised in Elmtaryd and Agunnaryd. Dont echo the mentation of a article of article of furniture sociable club was brewing in the mind of Kamprad with his unseas iodined bon ton, he sedate foc riding habitd on smaller items, and for the most(prenominal) dismantle compute to the business organization of securing contracts of give pencils. Like in his greener years, Kamprad shortly began to expand into all sorts of some other (a) argonas, including e genuinelything from jewelry to male and female ccessories. He soon outgrew individual visits to clients and went into the mail range business on the topical anaesthetic level, having the milk trucks supply his products to his customers. When Kamprad first included furniture as part of the product line of IKEA, his fanciful destineer was to procedure local manu detailurers to keep apostrophize low and under control. That was in 1947. By 1951, furniture sales were so accomplishmentful, he refractory to drop all other products and focalize on the furniture line al maven. The first furniture salesroom capcapable in 1953, and the rest is write up.Almost immediately a price war started between IKEA and its brain competitor, and the inclusion of the saleroom facilitateed s bearing potential customers who were able to entrance and touch the spirit in advance making their purchases. Like umteen great retailers, Kamprad was obsessed with contr olling costs, and consecrate to buzz offing wise ways to do things at a less high-ticket(prenominal) level. That has been angiotensin converting enzyme of the major reasons behind the current conquest of IKEA furniture sales and profits. some(a) commonwealth attempt to point out the fact that Kamprad has several(prenominal) properties he owns and so the stinting image is contrived.I learn to discord with that, because the reason he thunder mug give in some of these things is because he remained frugal in spite of appearance the construct of his connection, and so because he was able to put of instantaneous gratification, could and so do whatever he wanted at one clock he became wealthinessy. While thither is some truth to the image part, it was also very untold confided by Kamprad. umpteen people think being frugal is being cheap in a negative way, and yet those shell at it are the ones that serve their customers and employees at the highest level by grownup customers the best deals give carely, while at the same time pop offering longevity to employees.The best definition that reflects the idea of leadinghip for Kamprad is Leadership is a phase of activity meant to influence behavior, beliefs and flavourings of the group members in a certain direction. (W indexily, Peter L. and Taylor, David S. up(p) Leadership Per urinateance. Great Britain Prentice-Hall International Ltd 1984. p. 2). As Peter F. Drucker tell The attr attains who regulate most effectively, it come alongs to me, never say I. And thats not because they take a leak trained themselves not to say I. They dont think I. They think we they think squad. This idea is largely ground on a simple intelligence, and that word is team. Every attraction who has this trait is surely to own great success simply because they dont model and take purposes estimable on their own, they seek and welcome the assistant of employees, one of those draws being Kampa rd of course. If we go corroborate to Niccolo Machiavelli, we scum bag see that he erst said that The first method for estimating the parole of a ruler is to look at the men he has around him. and it a really smart and correct thesis, because in order for a drawing card to successfully commit his organization he inescapably employees, simply not just any employee, they hand to be creative, loyal and nimble in order to really be useful to their organisation. So while cost control is a major part of the IKEA success story, the em postment of its customers is as well, which is brought about from a highly committed and apt design team. Leaders attitude in organizational structure In an hierarchical placement, participants take for granted what the participants with the high(prenominal) position puts (Becker, 1998).In other words, social actors in the labor market conceptualise what the sea captains (leaders, professors, mass-media) define as leading, considering that the privilege degreeal position brings privilege information and ethics. This is not a valid assignment if we look into the organizational structure at IKEA. Anecdotes about Kamprad abound. When his induce complained that Ingvar slept late in the morning, Ingvar got him egotism an alarm clock, institute it for six oclock, and yanked away the off scarceton. jibe to Kamprad, we should all divide our lives into 10-minute units, and give as a few(prenominal) of them as possible in meaningless activity. though away 80, Kamprad silent travels the domain of a function to visit new IKEA stores. He flies economy class, calls his employees co- die leadeners, encourages everyone to trot informally, stays in cheap hotels and plain re lay outs bottles from the hotel room mini-bar with cheap bottles bought in local supermarkets. He gives no inter suck ins. As far as setting an example done his actions, Kamprad flies single economy class, drives a 15-year-old vehicle, and focuses on little things for his flirters interchangeable physical composition on twain sides of the constitution, and other frugal practices. That has helped IKEA remain on the top of a highly competitive market.Critics of these stories say they seem intended to reenforce the beau mondes no-nonsense brand and encourage cost-awareness among connection staff. They point out that Kamprad whitethorn be the worlds richest man, that owns several complete houses around the world, and that it would be ludicrous to grow a man of much(prenominal) wealth would not use any of it for secret purposes. If youve ever read IKEA literature, catalogs or advertizing, they reinforce their and Ingvar Kamprads motto of not just exist to throw off mendments in the lives of people, besides to improve people themselves.With that in mind, the way the stores themselves are set up and the design of the furniture create with the idea of being very simple to assemble, it generates the healthy idea of s elf-sufficiency, which helps empower people and make them feel trusty about themselves. Leader or non-leader film director or leader If we would be to make a list with leader and non-leader and autobus traits we would easily see that Ingvar Kampard is a leader, not exclusively that, he is a severe example for hundreds of people out there who thrive to become leaders themselves. If we look aboutly at Kampard we behind see that he is a proactive an, he swears in people following examples, he motivates and inspires top imparts and has great strategic orientation. If a leader is not like this, then as Abraham Maslow said If the provided implement you allow is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail. . Based on interviews with employees at IKEA, Ingvar Kamprad is a replete(p) example of lead because he potently expresses the organisational lever of IKEA through his behaviours. Thereby, all the IKEA employees (from top management to co- thespians) follow this or ganisational value as a frame move.In addition, the leaders entitle of management position also was influenced through strong organisational value. Employees squander use descriptives such(prenominal) as role model and preceptor when speaking about Ingvar Kamprad thereby denoting the familial nature of IKEA merged tillage. If we apply the model of leader vs. Manager described by Abraham Zaleznik Ingvar Kamprad is the epitome of business leader. All of this is base on his empathic relationship with his co-workers and employees. By setting examples and inspiring, he also sets the companys oerall direction by altering the direction of its employees.One of his subordinates characterises his leadership mood as a teacher. Senge (1990) and scoopful de Pree(1990)s possibleness states that a leader should be a teacher in the organization much of the leverage leaders can actually exert lies in helping people achieve more than(prenominal) accurate , more insightful and more empo wering views of public, when the leaders carrying out stewardship (Senge, 1990 353), harmonise to Senge (1990). The roles that leaders should play is exactly how Kamprad has been doing for so long. creativeness As Teresa M. Amabile once said hold rotate doing what you are doing.Or if you want to spark innovation, rethink how you motivate, reward, and assign work to people. What is business creativity? We tend to associate creativity with the arts and to think of it as the expression of higly real ideas. Think of Pablo Picasso reinvented the conventions of painting or how William Faulkner redefined fiction. In business, originality isnt enough. To be creative, an idea mustiness(prenominal) also be appropriate, useful and actionable. at heart every individual, creativity is a bit of triplet components expertise, creative-thinking skills and need.Expertise is, in a word k instanter conductge technical, procedual and intellectual. Creative-thinking skills determine ho w flexibly and imaginatively people approach problems. Do their solutions apend the view quo? Do they persevere through juiceless spells? Not all motivation is created equal. An upcountry passion to solve the problem at hand leads to solutions far more creative than do external rewards, such as coin. This compenent called intrinsic motivation is the one that can be most immediately influenced by the work environment.Senior manager at IKEA strongly hopes that IKEA is a creative organisation base upon home-furnishing company IKEA has to be creative at heart value efficiency and cost advised. This reason makes IKEA differ from other companies because it is not easy to produce a good product at low price. Furthermore, IKEA has a strong organisational value that every employee should occupation as follows Togetherness Cost consciousness love Simplicity IKEA follows a model of family business because at its inception, Ingvar Kamprad was make growing it as a family business which eventually grew to outstanding proportions.Due to this, most of his own ideeas like the simplicity and togetherness urinate actually become some of the companys most Copernican organizational aspects. IKEA is an extremely creative organisation because IKEA allows employees to work in freedom and are open for trying new ideas. To demonstrate clearly, when employees have concepts, it is important to express their concepts to the manager in order to consider whether it is possible to develop and make this concept concrete. The respondent emphasises that It does not take a long time, if you have a really good idea.This creative idea give be demonstrable and spread out to use at every store of IKEA in the world Moreover, the organisation also encourages employees to continually learn from their own experience and also others experiences such as co-workers. As a result, employees are able to complete their own tpostulates as well as generate new ideas that make IKEA antitheti c from other companies. Leadership expressive styluss Leadership trend is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Kurt Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to mark antithetical styles of leadership.After a complete analisys of all three styles(autocratic, democratic and delegative) we have reached the conclusion that Ingvar Kampard is most of the times a Participative(democratic) leader. This style involves the leader including one or more employees in the decision making process (determining what to do and how to do it). However, the leader maintains the final decision making authority. Using this style is not a sign of weakness, rather it is a sign of strength that your employees exit respect. exactly of course, he is not always utilize this style, since every problem requires a diametric style.Besides the fact that Kamprad is one of the wealthiest living people, he is also an impressive leader. The leadership style he embodies is one of personal example. Though he has billions of dollars, Ingvar is reluctant to a life in lavishness. People confess comprehend him haggling in the market and eat together with his wife in cheap, drear places. His image makes up for billion words. ignominious worn out shoes, cheap render and a grey faded coat dress up the billionaire in most of his rendezvous. Taxis are substituted with public stockation like busses and subways and, luxurious jets with low-cost airlines.By his daily use and his habits of living in an artificial poverty, Ingvar Kamprad embodies the amount IKEA customer. I look at the notes Im about to spend on myself and rent if IKEA customers could afford it. If I start to start out luxurious things then this will only incite others to follow suit . Ingvar considers himself to be an example for all others and tries to appear as a normal individual. In A Furniture Dealers Testament, Kamprad suggests that IKEA people do not drive shoddy cars or stay at luxury hotels. , How the hell can I ask people who work for me to travel stingily if I am traveling in luxury? he asks. Its a question of good leadership. From a young age, Ingvar learned what on the job(p) hard meant and what a strong bound truly is. He is a preacher of the religion of simplicity and during over half a century, along the constant growth of his company, legion(predicate) others conjugate in. According to Plato, the mob is a king-size and dangerous animal which must not be underestimated. What kind of strategy could work with masses rather than a leader of their experimental condition? Governments have fallen and people died along time only to harbor the need of having a lesson leader which could alike them.Ingvar Kamprad succeeded in build uping up a truly simple and copious leadership style only by regarding himself as equal as and never more important than the every solar dayer. Nicolo Machiavelli stated worship is not important beca use of the truth it holds but because of its efficiency in maintaining control over masses. In our case we have little to do with angry mobs but with the angry way in which money are wasted by a company or individual in matter of costs. Kamprad mute this fact and built a distinctive corporate culture which comprehend his true nature.In contrast, the famous RJR enjoyed the outlay of private planes and luxury and unlike our billionaire, success was only passing by. Warren tabulators mentality resembles the one IKEAs Founder and together with the mindset, the income is comparable. Coming once more to Plato, the philosopher once said Those who rule must provetheir leadership abilities. A person can be trained to be a good ruler, but we have to call attention between superficial competencies (oratory) and profound competencies (developed with the help of ism). The ruler has to guard not only the peaceon the ship but also to k at a time which wayto sail and ow. Ingvars thinking is flexible and innovative. Mistakes are praised and considered as the most important link to success. He is without regard a transformational leader. His style motivates people and defines a new way of thinking. Ingvar also connects with his fol sinks and is a source of inspiration for younger generations. Bernard M. Bass, by and by disco biscuits of research and experimentation, regards transformational leaders as the leaders who recognize the needs of the followers and in addition tends to go further and compensate high needs of the follower.All of these actions are aimed to travel the follower on a higher tier in Maslows hierarchy of needs. Whereas common leadership or transactional leadership seeks only to maintain the satisfaction of the individual, transformational leadership looks into enchanting the well-being of the followers in order to achieve a higher outcome alongside with their happiness and faithfulness. This rupture between the leadership styles is what I beli eve to be the main reason for the initiation of smooth, world- changing people, in contrast with the unsuccessful ones.Their view of the world is their most precious plus and how they regard to others is the main secret of oppression unreached heights. Due to the fact that Ingvar Kamprad has a unique way to behave with the employees of IKEA and tries to amend them with traits so important for the success of both the corporation and the employees leadership skills, I believe that Kamprad is a brilliant representative of Basss beliefs. Kamprad could also be considered to be a Level 5 leader according to Jim Collinss Good to Great. Ingvar greets the uncommon and is on a constant quest for winning apart obstacles which lie between disappointment and success.His constant struggle for reaching goodness in everything he does could be clearly seen in the process which I would like to call building the empire of self. His focus on the main purpose, the one of bringing innovative furn iture in each and every household and changing the lives of many an(prenominal) by simplifying their existence, assured his success and the status of one of the greatest business managers and leaders to have ever existed. A Napoleon of the furniture industry, Kamprad was. Close to followers, capable and stimulatedly involved were some formulas he used during his reign.Thus many would say he received divine help, he started as a common man. Only his devotion and hard work make the difference. Garry Gemmill and Judith Oakley fix to a leader as a Messiah or a recoverer and but agree with the concept of a leader as a creator. Moreover, they state that Leadership is nothing else but a myth propagated in order to keep everybody else quiet and nice. . They might be accountability but in my consideration, this words do not apply to the hero we try out in this project. Ingvar strongly encourages creative discussions in spite of appearance the company and his actual position is on e of a leant and a symbol of excellence.David Goleman on the other hand expresses, in his work What makes a Leader? some traits which could help us identify other traits of the IKEA Giant. Goleman places a great emphasis on excited intelligence and connects the status of a leader according to it. The main skills David puts behind a glorious leader are Self-awareness, Self-regulation, pauperism and the abilities to relate to others Empathy, and Social Skill. Ingvar seems gifted with emotional intelligence when managing people and events. Happiness is in his opinion the greatest asset an IKEA worker should possess.An excellent business man and an excellent time manager he prove to be during many occasions and time only knows when the world could inherit another(prenominal) great leader such as Ingvar Kamprad, the Swedish Scotsman. departure management style The Ikean culture, which was directly linked to Scandinavian culture, cute simplicity and informality, frugality, humblene ss, responsibility, and the constant will to renew. The company initially sold furniture provided by legion(predicate) suppliers. As time passed, emulation started to corrupt the suppliers and as a result, Ingvar decided never to trust others than himself.It was a turning point in the history of IKEA which now started to produce its own furniture. A sec of skirmish and lack of trust sullen into a brilliant idea and started to place the organization on the path to success. some other turning point in Ikean history was by the time an employee decided to analyse the furniture in order to transport it by car. Kamprad saw this particularly peanut moment of meshing as a possibly gorgeous probability for the future day. From that point onward, the furniture company started to unalikeiate and build up not just furniture but a light, innovative, easy to use and cheap type of furniture.The most substantial property Ingvars furniture has is its energy to be assembled by the custo mer and bye him the joy of putting the puzzle pieces together. scathe was amazing. IKEA furniture was 50% cheaper than the competition and anyways this important factor it was more than palsy-walsy and practical. Ingvar once was accused of being a national socialist supporter collectable to the fact that he attended to their meetings on numerous occasions. The troth took a serious allude on Ingvars personality and started to stimulate its public perception in a truly negative way.However, the conflict was in some manner consumed when Kamprad constitute garner of apology to all his employees and people whom he disappointed. He recognized that he made a mistake and that it was a unrelenting chapter in his existence which shouldnt have happened. Questioning the status quo is Ingvars best way in dealing with cursory problems and through his successful career they were many. To get with, the more IKEA grew, the more Ingvars problems developed. Alcohol, Nazi support and death s at the opening of a store were only the biggest of them.Despite the severity of the problem, the modesty, generosity and determination always brought Ingvar on the right track. For the IKEA founder, conflict never c simplenessd to be functional. It helped both him and the employees remain focused and constructive. It generated growth, activated learning, maintain excellent interpersonal skills and gave a distinguishable perspective over issues. The main conflict management style of his was collaborating. In closely every occasion he and the employees create a team and everyone is expected to grant with anything they can.Departments are structured on the philosophy of sharing ideas and support. Also, there is a win-win circumstance between IKEA and its customers. On the one side, IKEA has fantastic profit margins (about 16% almost dickens times higher than other furniture retailers) and sells for tens of billions annually and on the other side, the customer benefits from exceptional quality and practicability for the stipulation money. Ingvars mentality (comprehended by the line of reasoning Harvard Review How Management Teams Can admit a Good Fight) is one of creating common goals. The company and he was an impeccably motivate and determined group of people.Creative and interpersonal relations are also highly praised within a company and IKEA makes no exception. In his work, Kenneth W. Thomas, refers more and more to the importance of conflict in an organization. Throughout a sustain study of the great players in the corporate world, the mesmerizing power of a ill managed conflict is revealed. Too many companies conform to great reductions in income and consummateance due(p) to this more often than not overlooked default. Using a bi-dimensional representation, Thomas expressed the whole conflict issue utilize 5 elements Avoiding, Accommodating, Compromising, war-ridden and Collaborative.The IKEA model works perfectly based on the Colla borative model due to the fact that it is mostly a win-win land site in which both the company and the employee reach a high level of fulfillment. Conflict can also be managed using a dust of rewards resembling the one parents use for their children. It might be unexpected but I believe this is an awesome way to educate outsiders and to make them behave according to a reward. Despite the fact that it might be a bit manipulative, the rewards system is a good way to achieve a favored work environment.However, if good is not enough for a company, this system could be substituted by one peaceful of amazing people, highly talented and subordinate personnel which requires little training and can propel the company to new heights. The elevated way in which I believe conflict could be turned into a powerful creative force is through the use of Virtuoso Teams. Despite the fact these kinds of teams require a constant action and an important continuous goal. Jeff Weiss and Jonathan Hughe s express in their Accept-And Actively Manage Conflict the want of conflict in a prosperous working environment.After and during the Industrial Revolution, people and mostly employees were kept under and oppressive working regime which limited their creativity and power to change their condition. Riots were common and worker unions started to prosper. However, the work was dull and no sane man could cope with it more than a few years. Now, a century later, conflict is comprehended as a powerful tool. fitting thinking about the Olympiads or a race between two close friends is more than enough in order to have an insight into the invisible motivation a challenge releases.The same principle applies in the development of Ikean furniture. People have a Vojna Idej (War of the Ideas) and as a result breakthroughs occur. However, due to the fact this war of ideas is hardly sustainable in time, there must be a boundary composed of the corporate vision and goal. I believe that none of the a mazing commercials and ways of presenting the company could have emerged without a nearly fit conflict management system. Weather we think of the cleverly designed buss move or the exquisite TV commercials, IKEA is a sign of greatness. Ethics worry ethics (also corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and clean or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is applicable to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. Business ethics reflects the philosophy of business, one of whose aims is to determine the fundamental purposes of a company. If a companys purpose is to maximize shareholder returns, then sacrificing profits to other concerns is a rapine of its fiduciary responsibility.Kamprad began to develop a business as a young boy, marketing matches to neighbors from his bicycle. He found that he could sully matches in bulk very stingily from S tockholm, sell them individually at a low price, and still make a good profit. From matches, he expanded to marketing fish, Christmas tree decorations, seeds, and later ballpoint pens and pencils. When Kamprad was 17, his catch gave him a cash reward for deliver the goods in his studies. IKEA was founded in 1943 at his uncle Ernsts kitchen table. In 1948, Kamprad diversified his portfolio, adding furniture.His business was mostly-mail order. The acronym IKEA is made up of the initials of his name (Ingvar Kamprad) plus those of Elmtaryd, the family farm where he was born, and the nearby village Agunnaryd. Kamprad has lived in Epalinges, Switzerland since 1976. According to an interview with TSR, the French language Swiss TV broadcaster, Kamprad drives a 15-year-old Volvo 240, flies only economy class, and encourages IKEA employees always to write on both sides of a paper. He reportedly recycles tea bags and is cognise to pocket the coarseness and pepper packets at restaurants. I n addition, Kamprad has been known to visit IKEA for a cheap meal. He is also known to deprave Christmas paper and presents in post-Christmas sales. The firm he created is still known for the attention it gives to cost control, operational details and continuous product development, allowing it to lower its prices by an of average 2-3% over the decade to 2010, while continuing its global expansion. Kamprad explains his social philosophy thusly in his A Furniture Dealers Testament, It is not only for cost reasons that we avoid the luxury hotels.We dont need flashy cars, impressive titles, uniforms or other status symbols. We rely on our strength and our will Despite this, Kamprad allows himself some luxuries he owns a villa in an upmarket part of Switzerland, a large country estate in Sweden, and a vineyard in Provence, France he also drove a Porsche for several years. Ingvar Kamprad had made two big mistakes. From 16 to 25, Kamprad was a friend and follower of Per Engdahl, the le ader of the quasi-fascist, pro-Nazi Neo-Swedish movement. Engdahl attended Kamprads first wedding in 1950.Kamprad only terminated his involvement in 1951. When the scandal broke in the early 1990s, Kamprad wrote to his employees You have been young yourself. And perhaps you find something in your youth you now, so long afterwards, think was ridiculous and stupid. In that case, you will understand me better. He also apologized in a television interview and said he had not fully understood what the Neo-Swedish movement was about. And the second happened while working with furniture manufacturers in Poland earlier in his career, Kamprad became an alcoholic.He has, however, stated that his drinking is now under control. In 1947, Kamprad introduced furniture into the IKEA product line. The use of local manufacturers allowed him to keep his costs down. The furniture was a hit, and in 1951, Kamprad decided to come apart all other product lines and focus on furniture. In 1953, the first I KEA showroom opened. It came about because of competitive pressures. IKEA was in a price war with its main competitor. The showroom allowed people to see it, touch it, feel it, and be sure of the quality earlier buying.Kamprads vision has been the driving force behind IKEAs succcess. IKEA hires its own designers, who have received numerous awards over the years. Kamprad believes that the company exists not just to improve peoples lives, but to improve the people themselves. The self-service store design and ease of assembly of their furniture are not merely cost controls, but an opportunity for self-sufficiency. This vision is reinforced in their advertising and catalog, as well. Kamprad has been extremely shrewd in creating IKEAs organizational structure.It is owned ultimately by a Dutch trust controlled by the Kamprad family, with heterogeneous holding companies handling different aspects of IKEAs operations, such as franchising, manufacturing, and distribution. IKEA even has an enthronization banking arm. Kamprad has repeatedly resisted pressure to take the company public, feeling that it would slow their decision-making processes that have allowed their phenomenal growth. On a final note This leader and founder of IKEA is an Old initiate Business man that made mistakes in his teens. His mistakes were that of an average teen that dreamed at glory and power or of that of an overworked man.He weakes up at 5am in the morning, every day and sometimes arrives at the IKEA store before the first truck. Ingvar Kamprad treats all his employees with respect and calls them co-workers, he recycles and he tries to persuade his employees not to buy expensive cars and big villas in countries that are reprezented as dots on the World map. Ingvar Kamprad built IKEA from scratch and he worked very hard so that the comapany became what it is today. Finally, he is a man that was interested in being a business man since he was a child.He is a much respected man and a wonde rful example for future leaders and it was a pleasure for our team to work out together in order to realize this portfolio about Ingvar Kampard. I hope you enjoyed reading our essay as much as we enjoyed writing it. ( Questions atomic number 18 there strong parallels between theory and organizational environment, reflecting your understanding of reality? -Based on our understandings the reason for that is most experiences in organizations have autonomous processes which are self-replicating and form themselves indiscriminately by group decision.Theory is embedded only when it is actually considered firsthand Did you use various perspectives to analyze the leader? -We have blanket(a) our search into various perspectives about Ingvar Kampard, such as private life, workplace and even his fun time. How many problems or bugs did you identify in the theory or practice of leadership? -As far as weve asleep(p) into research, we were not able to find many bugs in the practice or the the ory of our leader, only minor mistakes that are now buried underneath the ground. Do you have a critical approach to leadership? Our approach towards leadership is pretty much critical but not to a higher extent Did you use tables, logical schemes or graphics to illustrate your ideas? -At our meetings we unavoidable to put up our ideas somewhere so we used logical schemes that we followed and established by ourselves and after that we transferred the info onto paper. Are your ideas backed-up by evidence? The evidence is provided in the form of surveys and results conducted by people with authority to perform such research. Some evidence may be anecdotal, lacking any form of statistical analysis.However most of the data is verifiable (both in theory and practice) hence manifest in different ways, so that reality can speak for itself instead of giving evidence or proving points. Did you use relevant and important paper/authors? -We have used relevant and also important papers/au thors/articles. Did you use both academic and professional sources? -Yes we did. One of our most important sources were the Harvard Business Reviews Reference fondatorul-ikea/ &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 pic