Nicotine, the Central Nervous System and Adrenal Medulla

An Australian health Survey conducted in 2011-2012, reason out that 3.1 million Australians atomic number 18 smokers. (Australian dresser of Statistics, 2013). This means that 14% of Australias population are presently smokers compared to more than 40% in the 1980s a prominent decrease with the smoking measure continuing to decline all(prenominal) year. Now there are many factors that can be considered for this drop such(prenominal) as the rise in prices or maybe less accessibility but another uncollectible factor is that its no longer seen in the a desire(p) way socially like it was back in the 1980s. With more and more anti-smoking products being created it decreases the union of smokers and Im sack to go into more discretion about that later on in the presentation.\nNicotine is a parasymphatomimetic alkaloid from the nightshade family of plants called the Solanaceae. A Parasympathomimetic medicate is a drug or poisonous substance that acts by stimulating or mimic king the parasympathetic nervous system. (Dorlands checkup Dictionary, 2013) Nicotine is also a nicotinic agonist. A nicotinic agonist is a drug that mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NCRs) (Henningfield, 2006). Nicotine is administered orally. The proboscis reacts as soon as Nicotine enters the personify. Nicotine affects two different areas of the personify: the adrenal incandescent lamp and the cardinal nervous system.\nThe adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal secreter found in the kidney. It has an carry on on the bodys energy, heart rate and metamorphosis as it secretes ductless glands, such as adrenaline and dopamine. The kidney absorbs the Nicotine through the agate linestream which whence enters the adrenal medulla. The Nicotine then binds with the nicotinic receptors which causes adrenaline to be released into the body; this causes common symptoms of smoking such as an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. \ndopamine is a hormone which is influenced by Nicotine in the body. Dopamine is related to our addiction,...