The Explanations Of Working Class Underachievement Essay

This essay will aim to outline and evaluate the explanations of working class underachievement. This will be through examining the home and school factors that affect these individuals and then reaching a conclusion that highlights the most influential factors while finding connections between them. A person is considered working class if they are typically employed in manual or industrial work in order to achieve a wage. Home factors play a major role in the underachievement of the working class. The April 2013 Great British class survey found that the traditional working class had an annual average income of  £13,000, approximately  £34,000 economically worse off than the established middle class (Savage, et al., 2013). This links into an important area called material deprivation, this is the idea that children who come from families that are denied certain material things in life due to their low of income and so may not have access to, for example, standard of housing or to consumer goods which could expand intellectual understanding and this puts them at an educational disadvantage. This can be supported by Halsey (1980) who found that the most important factor that influenced whether a working class child decided to stay on at school after 16 was the amount of financial support they received. The majority of working class is lacking in this and could explain why the only 6.4% in 1943-52 (se e appendix) of the working class go into further and or higher education afterShow MoreRelatedAssess the View That the Working Class Underachievement in School Is Because of Home Circumstances.1202 Words   |  5 PagesContemporary views are that class is still the most significant social factor for accounting for differences in educational achievement. It seems that middle class children tend to do better than working class children. Most sociologists believe that in every social class there is the same range of ability, this means that class differences in educational attainment are not due to class differences in intelligence, but due to other circumstances such as the home and socialization. However some sociologistsRead MoreExploring the Reasons for the Underachievement of Ethnic Minority Children8167 Words   |  33 PagesExploring the Reasons for the Underachievement of Ethnic Minority Children Rational ======== Every child goes through the same education system, every child works through the same ‘curriculum 2000’ set by New Labour and every child sits the same exams up to the age of 16. So why are there marked differences in educational attainment for ethnic minority students? My main aim is to find out if racism is the main cause of the gap between different ethnic groupsRead MoreThe Fairness And Lack Of Fairness1634 Words   |  7 Pagesour pasts and our views can lead to a blockade of participation, singling certain people out. To ensure that equality is achieved it must first insure equity. Throughout many institutions of education social inequity has been shown through social class, race and ethnicity and gender. As of this many minorities and certain people have been caused to feel an unjust service is being provided to them. However, teaching and learning process have seen to be altered and improved to try and promote greaterRead MoreHow Fair British Education for All1145 Words   |  5 PagesHOW FAIR BRITISH EDUCATION FOR ALL This essay will analyse how education system helps to maintain class inequality in contemporary Britain. In Britain, a good quality of public education service has been promised for all children regardless of ethnicity, race or income. Unfortunately, School League Table and recent surveys show opposite. In 1944, the government passed Education Act which allowed all children to receive secondary education. Children would be selected by ability for differentRead MoreRichard s Behavior At School1530 Words   |  7 Pagesstandardized tests; however, he performed poorly on assignments and achievement tests and had terrible penmanship. His reading level was proficient, and he was talented in physical education and art. Yet, Richard was easily distractible, disruptive in class, and highly disorganized. Richard also struggled in mathematics and socially because he did not get along with his classmates. Although he remained in his seat in the fourth grade, Richard had difficulty remaining in his seat and touched his classmates’Read MoreSociology - cultural deprivation1612 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Using material from Item A and elsewhere, asses the view that working-class children under-achieve because they are culturally deprived. Cultural Deprivation Theory is an explanation of working-class (WC) underachievement in society. Cultural deprivation is WC families lacking the same values as the middle-class (MC) families. This reflects on the WC children, who, according to cultural deprivation theorist, are under stimulated compared to MC children. WC children are less likely to succeed,Read MoreEvaluating the View that Poverty is Caused by Economic Inequality Rather than Cultural Attitudes and Lifestyles1327 Words   |  6 PagesPeter Townsend stated that poverty is part of the class inequality created by the labour market in capitalist economies. He argued that most of the groups in poverty are either excluded from the labour market (for example, the elderly, unemployed and long-term sick) or are in a weak position in the labour market, (for example, unskilled, ethnic minorities, and females). Townsend stated that poverty is closely related to class and that the poor usually work in unskilled jobsRead MoreInequality in British Schools2111 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationship between inequality and education has been studied for many years. Although it seems obvious that educational success is simply down to an individual’s capabilities and motivation, sociological research shows that the inequalities in social class, gender and race and ethnicity have had a huge influence in the differential achievement within British schooling. The development of the educational system in Britain was first put in place to secure equal educational opportunities for all youngRead MoreAn Investigation of the Gender Gap of Boys Underachieving in Literacy6323 Words   |  26 Pagesstudy was to investigate the gender gap, especially of boys’ underachievement in literacy, and discover if there are particular strategies that schools can implement in order to raise the attainment levels of boys. As the issue of the gender gap is so wide I selected literature to review which covered a wide range of theorists and existing studies. Specifically I wanted to identify some of the suggested causes for the underachievement of boys and any already proposed effective strategies whichRead MoreCalvins Problem as an African American1209 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the moment I heard of Calvin’s problems in his history class, I needed to make sure that I could completely understand the context of the problems he is experiencing in class. Calvin and I have had prior positive interactions, and I want to make sure that I am not making assumptions about him and his experiences. However, based upon other teacher’s and experiences with Calvin, this seems to be the only class that he is not performing well in. This tells me that there is a deeper problem occurring

The British Royal Family - 3890 Words

The British Royal Family Contents Chapter 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4-5 Chapter 2. In the United Kingdom†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 I. Public role and image†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6-7 II. Funding†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 Chapter 3. Royal styles and titles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 I. Royal styles and titles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8-11 II. The crown jewels†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦11-15 III. Peerages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16-19 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 Introduction: The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people as the relations of the monarch in her or his role as sovereign of any of the other Commonwealth realms, this sometimes at variance with official†¦show more content†¦Senior members of the royal family often drive themselves instead of having a driver. In a lengthy interview conducted by PBS prior to the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in August 1997, Max Hastings, editor of the Daily Telegraph between 1986 and 1995, discussed the impact of Andrew Mortons and Jonathan Dimblebys biographies of, respectively, the Princess and Charles, Prince of Wales on subsequent news coverage of the Royal Family in the UK. II. Funding: Members of the Royal Family carry out public duties; these individuals receive an annual payment known as a Parliamentary Annuity, the funds being supplied to cover office costs. These amounts are repaid by The Queen from her private funds. Though always voluntarily subject to the Value Added Tax and other indirect taxes, the Queen agreed to pay taxes on income and capital gains from 1992, although the details of this arrangement are both voluntary and secret. At the same time it was announced that only the Queen and Prince Philip would receive civil list payments. Since 1993 the Queens personal estate (e.g. shareholdings, personal jewellery, Sandringham House and Balmoral Castle) will be subject to Inheritance Tax, though bequests from Sovereign to Sovereign are exempt. Royal styles and titles: I. Royal styles and titles: The style His Majesty or Her Majesty (HM) is enjoyed by a king, a queen regnant, a queen consort, and a queen dowager. Use of the style His Royal Highness or Her Royal Highness (HRH)Show MoreRelatedBritish Monarchy - Should They Stay or Should They Go? Yona Oshrat1594 Words   |  7 PagesBritish monarchy - Should they stay or should they go? Yona Oshrat The nurse Jacintha Saldanha was looking after Prince William’s wife Kate – who was suffering from morning sickness – when two Australian DJs called the hospital impersonating The Queen and Prince Charles. Believing the call was genuine she then transferred the call to the ward where Kate was staying where another nurse gave information about Kate’s condition. The nurse found hanged after the hoax call to the hospital - she committedRead MoreAssignment 2 - Gorgeous George Blows Fans Away1544 Words   |  7 Pagesaway Royals or readable? Introduction Photojournalism is used to represent a news story through a singular/series of images. The images are selected to depict both content and tone, acting as an anchor to the event/story. An anchor is used to provide stability or confidence in an otherwise uncertain situation, it narrows down the obtainable readings that can be made on an image. On the 8th of April 2014 the Dominon post printed and dispatched this front page article of the royal family on theirRead MoreThe Modern Monarchy of Britain Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Royal Family. This hallowed line of descendants makes up the British Monarchy, serving above the people of the Commonwealth under the control of Britain. With such fanfare and dignity come an equally great responsibility. While the structure and ceremonial hype surrounding the British Monarchy has remained nearly unchanged since its creation, the role and powers of Britains current Monarchy is significantly different. The British Monarchy is composed of a King or Queen and their family, whoseRead MorePrincess Diana - Lady Di Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pageselse. She worked as a nanny and also helped the teachers at the Young England Kindergarten School. By the age of 19, Diana was a tall, shy, likable young woman. Like most people her age, she enjoyed dancing, partying, and watching television. Her family and friends called jokingly called her â€Å"Duchess† or â€Å"Duch,† but unlike some privileged young people she did not seem snobbish or proud. She had plenty of friends who were boys, but until she was almost 20, she had not had a steady boyfriend. ThatRead MoreThe Portrait Of The British Royal And Prince Albert With Five Of Their Children1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe portrait of the British royal family â€Å"Queen Victoria and Prince Albert with Five of Their Children† was painted by a German painter named Franz Xaver Winterhal. He was widely known for his beautiful and elaborated portraits of royal women. The portrait of Queen Victoria and her family is Wintergal’s less well-known portrait, but it is still very detailed image. In the artwork, the queen and the prince are centered with their children surrounding them. Both are dressed in exquisite formal wearRead MoreKing Charles IIi By Mark Bartlett1460 Words   |  6 Pagesvery modern issues of privacy and the press through the medium of blank verse and the modern-day monarchs with some Shakespearean precursors lurking in the background. Charles III opens just after the death of Elizabeth II, and traces the remaining royals’ actions and reactions through the next coronation. We see Charles, attempting to follow his own moral compass, becoming embroiled in politics He nearly destroys the monarchy by refusing to pass a bill that would censor certain types of scandals outRead MorePrincess Diana Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagescharities during her life. Through the vigorous fund raising and campaigning, Princess Diana has greatly affected the lives of the patients she has reached out to. Princess Diana shocked the British society when she decided to become a part of the AIDS research. The subject of AIDS was usually shunned by the â€Å"great† British society. At that time little was known about AIDS, some still believed a person could get AIDS by touching, hugging, or kissing an infected person. â€Å"Princess Diana’s advisers argued stronglyRead MorePrincess Dianas Effect on the United Kingdom and the Monarchy1005 Words   |  5 PagesHeath and her father sent her to a finishing school in Switzerland. Before she left England for school, she met Prince Charles through mutual friends. Once she returned home from Switzerland, she and her family visited Prince Charles and his family at the castle in Scotland. This started their â€Å"royal romance.† Their wedding in 1981 was one for the history books. There was over one billion worldwide viewers watching at home on their televisions and she was the first woman born in England to marry theRead MoreRoyal Bodies896 Words   |  4 PagesRoyal Bodies Royal Bodies is a speech by Hilary Mantel, an award winning and bestselling English writer. Hilary Mantel, born in 1952, is particularly famous for her historical novels. On February 21 2013, at a book lecture at the British Museum, she held a speech, in which she commented on the British monarchy. Hilary Mantel starts her speech by telling how she, last summer, was asked to name a famous person and choose a book to give them. She chose Kate, the Duchess of Cambridge, a jointedRead MoreThe Contribution Of Albert And Victoria s Popularity2579 Words   |  11 PagesAt first Albert was not popular with the British public because he was a foreign prince; however that soon change when he became more involve with his new country such as taking on a growing number of chairmanship such as the Royal Society of Arts and was active in exercising his role. Albert was also fascinated by science, the arts, technology, trade, and industry, and he was wholeheartedly committed to modernity and progress. His bourgeoning portfolio of non-political interests and activities helped

`` The Funnel We Need Follow Customers As They Actually...

In the article, â€Å"The Funnel We Need: Follow Customers as They Actually Behave,† the three channels that influence customers and their decisions are the ‘Reach and Depth and Relationship,’ (RaDaR) that the buyer provides (Elliot, 2013). The author illustrates and describes the funnel and how the outer parts of the â€Å"funnel† lead to the inner part. Elliot also mentions that in the past there have been attempts to flip the â€Å"funnel,† or change the order of the channels, but have not been successful. The three channels provide information gathered over time about consumer behavior, which the textbook defines as â€Å"the process and activities people engage in when searching for, selecting, purchasing, using, evaluating, and disposing of products and services so as to satisfy their needs and desires† (Belch Belch, 2015, p. 110). After knowing how consumers generally make decisions, vendors are able to use these three channels to enc ourage the consumers to make more purchases. The first of the three channels is the â€Å"reach† channel in which consumers are given details of the product or the service. The consumers are drawn in or â€Å"reached† by the information of the product. Some of the examples of this type of advertisement are done through the TV, radio, print, word-of-mouth, and many more. This demonstrates the outer part of the â€Å"funnel,† because there are many ways to inform the consumer about the product and that is the very simple way to get a consumer to buy the product orShow MoreRelatedBe a Sales Superstar25155 Words   |  101 Pagesto go back over the years to identify every source. The practical, proven methods and techniques in this book are presented very much like a professional sales seminar, starting with the â€Å"inner game of selling† and moving through the key skills you need to improve your results, complete with specific action items and a summary. To benefit the most, you should read this book from cover to cover, from beginning to end, exactly as it is written. You can then return to the chapter that will help you theRead MoreTruefalse QuestionsMenuItem 1 Topic 1 Introduction Essay6873 Words   |  28 Pagesimportant implication of globalisation is that organisational behaviour needs to develop different theories in each culture. True: False*: Feedback: Page 8 Difficulty: Medium Question 9: Education is a primary category of demographic diversity. True: False*: Feedback: Pages 8–9 Difficulty: Medium Question 10: Australian employees are more diverse today than a few decades ago on many secondary categories but have actually reduced their diversity on most primary categories. True: False*: Feedback:Read MoreMarketing Analysis Amazon4715 Words   |  19 Pagesnot been officially disclosed 2- they haven‟t reach their fifth year Did you know: Amazon Web Services drives these companies†¦ Did you know: Amazon.com is a giant†¦ Y/Y growth for Q1 2011 +38% Market cap $90 bn Customers 137 m 3 Ãâ€" growth of 2 Ãâ€" market cap 2 Ãâ€" # customers E-commerce market Employees 33,700 Annual revenue $34 bn Internet traffic rank 16th Retail brand 1st Paid out $1.2 bn 15 Ãâ€" more than 16% more than before before to buy Source: Amazon.com, Alexa, Brandz. MarketRead MoreImpact Of Marketing On Marketing Management9107 Words   |  37 PagesDIGITAL MARKETING 8 MAKING SENSE OF BIG DATA 12 DATA DRIVEN MARKETING 14 CASE STUDY 1: OPSVIEW INCREASES ITS REVENUE BY 178% 15 CASE STUDY 2: BREAKINGPOINT USES SOCIAL MEDIA TO GENERATE LEADS 16 CASE STUDY 3: TURKISH AIRLINES REACHES 100 M POTENTIAL CUSTOMERS WITH SELFIES 18 IT IS MARKETING! 18 DOUBLE CLICK – A REVOLUTION! 19 ADWORDS - GOOGLE 19 MARKETING CLOUD – ADOBE 20 CHANGING ROLE OF CIO 23 NOT JUST A MANAGER OF IT 23 A CATALYST 24 A STRATEGIST 24 MAJOR CHALLENGES 24 NEGATIVE ASPECTS 25 LIMITATIONSRead MoreNew Product Development Process9775 Words   |  40 Pagesof product decisions often follow set procedures for bringing products to market. In the scientific area that may mean the establishment of ongoing laboratory research programs for discovering new products (e.g., medicines) while less scientific companies may pull together resources for product development on a less structured timetable. In this section we present a 7-step process comprising the key elements of new product development. While some companies may not follow a deliberate step-by-stepRead MoreExploratory, Descriptive, and Causal Research Designs9790 Words   |  40 Pagesinclude exploratory and descriptive research. How much of each is necessary depends mostly on how much managers already know about the issue to be studied. When a decision problem has arisen from unplanned changes in the environment, there is usually a need for exploratory exploratory research Design in which the major emphasis is on gaining ideas and insights. descriptive research Research design in which the major emphasis is on determining the frequency with which something occurs or the extentRead MoreA Concise Guide to Market Research Using Spss71933 Words   |  288 Pagespaper market. In Germany, however, Charmin was unknown to consumers, something Procter Gamble decided to change in the early 2000s. Acknowledging that European consumers have different needs and wants than their US counterparts, the company conducted massive market research efforts with hundreds of potential customers. The research included focus group interviews, observational studies, and large-scale surveys. These revealed considerable differences in usage habits. For example, 60% of Germans alsoRead MoreBrand Preference of Gym Enthusiasts on Energy Drink Products14209 Words   |  57 Pagesthe consumer reject or be discouraged to buy the product or may be encouraged to buy in a way of overstated advertising of a certain product. It is important to study the brand preference of gym enthusiasts on energy drink product, in this research we will focus on how gym enthusiasts choose the brand of energy drink they will purchase. Brand preference is a degree by which the consumers prefer one brand over the other. It also provides some information needed by the buyer, like how consumers chooseRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesand impactful— if you can change your behaviors to improve your creative impact. In e Innovator’s DNA, authors Je Dyer, Hal Gregersen, and bestselling author Clayton M. Christensen ( e Innovator’s Dilemma, e Innovator’s Solution) build on what we know about disruptive innovation to show how individuals can develop the skills necessary to move progressively from idea to impact. By identifying behaviors of the world’s best innovators—from leaders at Amazon and Apple to those at Google, SkypeRead MoreCoaching Salespeople Into Sales Champions110684 Words   |  443 Pagesinto Sales Champions is a winning playbook for managers who need to strengthen and invigorate their sales team through executive sales coaching.’’ David Hirsch, Director of Business to Business Vertical Markets Group, Google ‘‘We can give salespeople all of the training in the world, we can inspire them and motivate them, we can even provide them with the latest and greatest technology . . . but in today’s highly competitive marketplace, we can measurably accelerate their success through coaching and

Student Revolt Of The Modern West - 1425 Words

Jaffar alobaid 3/16/2015 ENGL 1012 DR. Linda Jordan Student Revolts in France For the modern West, 1968 became somewhat a point of countdown, the roots of many modern developments and trends were born at that time. The rebellious fire toured around the world in 1968. However, at some places smoldering had taken place long time ago, but one began to swell, somewhere this fire is put out, but one poured oil in the fire. All those events did not lead the world to global fire because the World War 2 was still too fresh in the memories, flashing scary pictures in people’s minds. Moreover, the Cuban missile crisis has happened recently. New rockets were waiting in the mines. Young people still believed in world revolution. Fighters for†¦show more content†¦A youth movement was immediately established, which was boycotting exams and achieved self-government in the universities. This movement was also established in favor of freedom from a repressive society, its outdated rules of bourgeois morality. Rebels, inspired by the anarchist ideas of Debord an d surrealist dream of total revolt against all the fathers and ideas those have created, were headed by 22-year-old student of social sciences, Daniel Cohn-Bendit (Eagles, 2014; Velmet, 2010). At that time he was passionate about the task of creating a society free from every kind of dictate - both economic (market) and political (party system) - and learns from the future theorist of horizontal network communications, Manuel Castells (Hubbard Kitchin, 2010). The authorities closed the university. However, a significant part of the population was frightened of scale the incident had. In the wake of a rollback to earlier sentiments rebellion Gaullists in late June triumphantly won the parliamentary elections. Yet, the political fate of de Gaulle was resolved: after the failed attempt to reorganize the upper house of parliament for greater interests’ representation of various social groups and movements from employers to trade unions it in April 1969, he voluntarily resigns and a half years died ofShow MoreRelated The Importance of Religion Essay example1058 Words   |  5 Pagesmoderation of religious views, a certain â€Å"enlightenment† if you will, is a very recent development in society. â€Å"Many of the conflicts we see throughout the world are a revolt against 300 years of domination by Western civilization,† said Miller. â€Å"Some extremist religious groups are trying to expel the outside influences, primarily from the West, from their culture.† The fact that extremist religious factions feed on these conflicts and reformulate them according to religious absolutes is a key point, accordingRead MoreThe Satsuma Rebellion816 Words   |  3 PagesThe Satsuma rebellion was a resist from the Meiji government and modern changes that took place in 1877. The Meiji Era controlled most of Japan, except for a small area in the southwestern part of Japan, which was the Satsuma. Japanese leaders decided that they needed a modern army equipped with the most up-to-date weapons, trained by the best officers of the day: the French and Germans. In 1872, the imperial army was reorganized as a force of 46,000 conscripts from every social class. The SouthwesternRead M oreThe Emergence Of Nationalist Movement Essay3234 Words   |  13 Pagesmovements against the British rule and ‘Sipahi Bidroha’ in 1857, was the first counterblasts against them by the Bengalis. Then the British divided Bengal into east and west Bengal in 1905 based on hindu and muslim. The British rule in Bangladesh continued until the creation of Pakistan in 1947. In this period Bangladesh was known west Pakistan and the Pakistani ruled over Bengalis in the bases of religion but there are very close and intimate relation of the joint-bengal because they always mentionedRead MoreBeyond Massa: Sugar Management in the British Caribbean by John F. Campbell1223 Words   |  5 Pagesgenerally new Human Resource Management perspective on the issue, the â€Å"accommodation† versus â€Å"resistance† manifests that power was not only concentrated among the whites (Campbell 130). In fact it is this bargaining of power that was used to fuel many revolts and re sistance strategies. Conversely, the controversy of gender and sex arises throughout the content of the book with it’s major focus being in Chapter 5. Compared to most history texts and books encountered previously it’s quite clear that theyRead MoreDenmark Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesDenmark Denmark, also known as â€Å"Kongeriget Danmark† meaning â€Å"Kingdom of Denmark†, is located in northern Europe. It is between the North Sea (on the west) and the Baltic Sea (on the Southeast). In the south, it shares a 68-km border with Germany. To be exact, Denmark’s geographic location is 56 ºN and 10 ºE. The total area of Denmark is 43,094 km ², slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts. Denmark has a population of 5,305,048, about 118 per km ². There are 14 counties all togetherRead MoreTo What Extent Did Alexander Ii Deserve His Title of the â€Å"Tsar Liberator?†1731 Words   |  7 Pages1861. As he said, â€Å"It is best to abolish serfdom from above than to wait until it abolishes itself from below†. This quote demonstrates his realization that reform was needed. Many saw serfdom as Russias biggest handicap in development into a new modern era, to be the equal of other European powers. There were many conflicting viewpoints as to whether to abolish serfdom or not. Some argued that to abolish serfdom would be a blow to morals and the security of the state. 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The commercialRead MoreUnruly Americans And The Origins Of The Constitution1677 Words   |  7 PagesMaterial This book is overwhelmingly relevant to the course material. As we learn about the Constitution, those involved in its writing, and the events happening during that era, this book is key to fully grasping the concepts presented to us as students. The author gives the backstory per say on the events leading up to the Constitutional Convention. If we can completely understand the framers intent in writing the Constitution, then the document itself makes more sense. It is also beneficial knowing

The Fall Of The Roman Empire - 1216 Words

During the fall of the Roman Empire, the Church was able to stand tall and survive through the ruin. The power of Christianity prevailed as the glory of the city of Rome departed. The fall of Rome marked and epoch in the history of the west. Rome was no longer the city of Caesar, but it would now become known as the City of the Pope. The Catholic Church stepped in a filled the void left by the fall of Western Roman Empire. Several factors led to the papacy in Rome becoming the center of power. First, the church gained unsolicited popularity through the early relationships with the apostles. The office of the pope came from the apostle Peter who Christ gave authority in the church, a prominent leader and appointed as the guide for His†¦show more content†¦Another significant factor that assisted in the papacy becoming the center of power was the barbarian invasions during the fifth century. Leo I, who many considered the first authentic pope, was instrumental in persuading A ttila the Hun to not burn the city down or massacre the people in 452. But in 455 the city was captured by the Vandals, but again Leo I, was able to convince Genseric the King of the Vandals to not burn the city and spare the lives of its inhabitants. At the end of these attacks political structures and the authority of the government was left shattered. The church survived and thrived, while the government collapsed. The church would become the defender of justice and order. The Bishop of Rome was involved in regaining the stability and unity that had been destroyed by the barbarian invasions. The services previously provided by the government were now being offered by the church under the guidance of the Bishop of Rome; later would become the position of the Pope. People turned to the church not just for spiritual concerns but for education and for things such as food and supporting widows and orphans. As the Roman Empire was falling, society turned to the church under the leade rship and guidance of the Bishop of Rome leading to the rising of the Church to the center of power. In 590, after abandoning everything in 574 and becoming a monk Pope Gregory I

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies free essay sample

In pursuit of glory, gold and religious freedom, England started to explore and conquer North America. During the late 16th century and into the 17th century two colonies appeared from England. The two colonies were called the Chesapeake and the New England colonies. Although the two areas were governed by the English, the colonies had similar qualities as well as differences. The Chesapeake and developing England colonies grew into clearly different establishments. The difference was colonial motivation, religion, political structure, socio-economic, and race relation, these are what were responsible for molding these territories. In the Chesapeake, the motivation for colonization was largely due to the economic issue. The colony was owned by royalty and exclusive people who were looking to find fame or possible fortune.Thinking they would find gold or silver to bring back to England, instead they discovered a different treasure. Tobacco, it was the cash crop that brought them wealth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Chesapeake and New England Colonies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although, up north in the New England colonies, the motivation for colonization was to escape religious persecution and set up a haven for people. Pilgrims and the Puritans were the main people that resided the land. The New England colonies also wanted to be financially stable although, the main reason was to be free from the Church of England. However, the political structure in the Chesapeake resembled much of their mother country. They had a governor, a council, and a parliament which seemed to be more of an aristocracy. For New England colonies, America was able to form its first democracy. They appointed people to govern the colonies by electing them. Another thing that had differed from each other was the socio-economic in the Chesapeake consisted of plantations which farmed easy cash crops, making the Chesapeake quite wealthy. Not only did they have plantations but indentured servants that would, later on, lead to slavery. On the other hand, New England colonies characteristics included agriculture, a diversified economy, and a unique social structure that set it clearly apart from the Chesapeake.

Probability and Statistics Engineers and Scientists

Question: Discuss about the Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists. Answer: Introduction: The topic of the research proposal is increasing number of smokers in Australia. The proposal analyzes different issues related to increasing number of smokers in Australia with main concentration on its health and business impact. The research shows that approximately fifteen thousand Australians are killed each year due to smoking. The number of male smokers is larger than female smokers in Australia. The increase in number of smokers is not only harmful for the health but also for the economy as it hurts the business of the country. The proposal analyzes the actual cost of increase in number of smokers in Australia (Cho et al. 2016). Increase in number of smoking leads to more death in the country and increases the health hazards. It also has social costs on the society of Australia. The rise in the number of deaths leads to a loss of the revenue that they contribute towards the economy. The business impact of the increase in number of smokers in Australia is the lost in productiv e capacity due to increase in number of deaths due to smoking. Increase in number of smokers leads to increase in diseases that in turn increase the costs that the government has to bear to improve the health care facility. Hence, the proposal will address both the health and business impact of increase in number of smokers in Australia. Literature review Increase in number of smokers has impact on health conditions of people and hurts the economy of Australia as it decreases the revenue of the country and the government. Increase in number of smoking, increases the chance of cancer and risk of rise in number of deaths. Rise in number of deaths in turn leads to decrease in productive capacity and the revenue that they would have contributed to the nation (Dunlop et al. 2014). The expenditure of the government increases, as they have to invest in improving the health care facility in the country. The data from Australian Bureau of statistics suggests that the number of smokers in Australia is declining since 2009. The main reason for this decline is the increase in education and awareness of health hazards of smoking. People are becoming more health conscious due to which number of smokers in Australia is decreasing. Despite of this fact increase in smoking has health cost, economic cost as well as social cost. Smoking has both tangibl e and intangible costs (Lal et al. 2013). The tangible costs of smoking are costs that arise due to loss of productivity that occurs due to premature death and illness. Such costs are often termed as labor costs. Tangible costs consist of health care cost, damage costs that occurs due to fire and abusive consumption cost. Intangible costs are costs that arise due to premature death and loss of enjoyment (Getsios et al. 2013). Heath cost of smoking: increase in smoking leads to many health hazards and diseases that affects not only the smokers but the non-smokers as well. Smoking leads to severe diseases such as cancer that can often lead to death. The survey conducted in 2013 shows that the health cost of increase in smoking in Australia accounts to 31.5 billion dollars (Li et al. 2014). When a person is encountered with disease, he has to undergo treatment that puts costs on the family members of the smokers, as they have to spend huge amount of money on treatment of patients. The parameters of health cost are increase in medical cost, hospital cost, nursing home, pharmaceuticals and costs rising due to ambulances. Economic cost of smoking: economic cost of smoking is measured in terms of the lost productivity that occurs due to death of a person. The study shows that the smokers take more leaves in offices than the non-smokers. This is because the smokers are often sick and unable to work. This leads to reduction in productivity of the organization due to increase in absenteeism (Ekpu and Brown 2015). In 2004 to 2005, the productivity loss that occurred due to increase in absenteeism accounted for 779.6 million dollar in Australia. The study shows that economic costs due to increase in smoking is two million dollar in Australia in the year 2004-2005. Reduction in the size of workforce leads to loss in productivity and the revenue, which otherwise they could have contributed if they were it (Prina et al. 2014). Social cost smoking: smoking does not only affect the smokers but the entire society. Increase in smoking in Australia has led to an increase in air pollution that is harming the non-smokers as well. The survey showed that it is the children that have been affected the most due to increase in smoking. This is because the air that they breathe in harms the health that leads to occurrence of diseases. Smoking damages the assets of the economy that adds on to the cost for the society. Lighting of cigarette has high risk of fire that is regarded as the social cost to the nation. Social costs of smoking are often termed as external costs (Hitchman et al. 2014). There are two ways of measuring social cost. One is demographic approach and the second is human capital approach. Demographic approach is used to measure the cost of drugs in past and present years. Human capital approach is used to measure the impact of drugs abuse in present and future years (Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au. 2016). Hence, increase in number of smokers has three costs that nation has to bear. In 2013, the survey showed that Australia had to bear a total of $31.5 billion. The three costs of smoking has been presented by Collins and Lapsleys studies of social costs (Quit.org.au. 2016). Figure: tangible social costs of tobacco use in Australia in 2004-2005 (Source: Health.gov.au. 2016) Research questions and research hypothesis Various researches have been conducted to analyze the impact of increase in number of smokers in Australia. The research questions has been developed by using different research methodologies and techniques. The basic objective is to highlight the costs that Australia has to bear due to increase in number of smokers. The following research questions are outlined in a descriptive approach to conduct the survey: Has the number of proportion of smokers increased in Australia? What is the proportion of male and female smokers in Australia? Does the number of male and female smokers vary in Australia and if yes in what proportion? Does the number of smokers in different age group vary and if yes in what proportion? Does any relationship exist between the socio-economic status and smoking in Australia? Does Australian government have to bear any cost due to increase in number of smokers in Australia? What recommendations are taken to reduce the social costs of smoking by the Australian government and society? Is the economic cost of smoking greater or the health cost in Australia? Research hypothesis: The research hypothesis is defined by taking null and alternate hypothesis. Ho: There is a relationship between increase in number of smokers in Australia and the cost that Australia has to bear. H1: There is a positive relationship between increase in number of smokers and the cost that Australia has to bear. H2: There is a negative relationship between increase in number of smokers and the cost that Australia has to bear. Research methodology and technique Various methods and techniques have been used for the research study of the increasing number of smokers in the Australia. The first step of the research is collecting data on the number of smokers in Australia from an official government website or authorized government agency. The data collected will be based and differentiated according to age and gender of number of smokers is Australia. The sample size of the research will be large. ABS National Health Survey will be used for data collection for the year 2014-2015 and previous years. The research methodology was analyzed on certain dependent and independent variables. The impact of increase in smoking and the costs that Australia has to bear will also are analyzed through proper data collection method and technique (Saunders and Thornhill 2014). Various statistical tests of hypothesis are used for checking different hypothesis as mentioned above. The aim of the research is to get an unbiased result that is based on different statistical tests. One sample and two sample z test is used for analyzing the data and the hypothesis. The theory is interpreted on the basis of researchers interests and study in the topic. The research is based on the interpretive view and is descriptive in nature where all the questions will be answered with the explanation. . It is connected with the theoretical point of impracticality where many things and methods can be useful to the topic to replicate diverse consequences. The interpretive follows the understanding of weak notion; it establishes the relationship between time and context and outlines the problems and solutions to the study (Goldkuhl 2012). The main idea of the research proposal is to identify the questions and suggest a solution to the problems. The research is also conducted to check the reliability and validating of the findings in the real world. The research is based on certain principles based on which a conclusion is drawn. The researcher uses inductive approach to explain the experiments, questionnaires and surveys. A large sample size of 500 people is taken upon which the observation is based (Stanczyk et al. 2014). The decision is drawn based on the z test that is used to test the hypothesis. . In this approach, the relationships are made and then they are tested for the outlined purpose of understanding the certain additional meaning to the research. The quantitative approach is said to b more cost effective for the researcher than the qualitative approach. It is more easier to draw a conclusion based on quantitative approach than qualitative approach (Ross 2014). Gantt chart using the three milestones Literature Review is due on Week 6. Data Collection and Analysis Report are due on Week 10. Final Business Research (Capstone) Thesis is due on week 14. Figure 1: Gantt Chart using three milestones (Source: created by author) Research process The research is conducted in step by step process from the beginning to the end of investigation. The standard procedure of method is used to conduct the research study on increasing number of smokers in Australia and its impact on the economy of Australia. The research process can be explained by using five basic criteria's. The primary step in research process is to choose a research topic that is followed by a literature review to support the research topic. In this case a study was conducted regarding the increase in number of smokers in Australia and the costs involved due to increase in smoking. The second step is to decide the method that will be used to conduct the survey. In this research proposal, quantitative approach is used to draw the conclusion, as it is more cost effective than the qualitative approach. Quantitative method ensures that the actions is performed and completed before the process is preceded. A methodology and technique is prepared regarding the statistical tool that will be used to test the hypothesis. Different tests of hypothesis are used to draw the result of the research. The p-value test is used to take the decision whether to reject of accept the hypothesis. A two sample and a one-sample z test is used to test the hypothesis and make a decision. The sample size taken includes the population of Australia that includes people of different age and gender. The step by step procedure is followed according to the fundamental paradigm. The data is collected from the official government website of ABS national Health Survey and from the authorized government agency of Australia. Secondary data is used for the research. It is essential to use proper test for getting data and hypothesis that is reliable and valid in real world. Data collection and analysis methods The data is collected using the website of ABS national Health Survey for 2014-2015 and the previous years. The data is also collected from the authorized government agencies of Australia. The data is available on website that is free of cost. It is proportionately based on gender and age. The data is collected using the secondary sources of data. The data on the website is not just available for the current year but for previous years as well. It is divided into different categories based on different parameters such as socio economic status, age, sex, gender and occupation. It is essential for the researcher to check that the data available is reliable and valid. It is also essential to check that the data available is biased or not by checking from the different sources (Gray 2013). Proper techniques should be used while collecting and extracting the data is order to ensure that the data collected is biased in nature. Secondary data is the data that is already published in journal s ad website. Collecting secondary data is useful as it is less time consuming. The next step after collection of data is the analysis of data using various statistical tools regarding the increase in number of smokers in Australia. After forming the questions and hypothesis it is essential to test the hypothesis using different tools and methods. In this case, p-value test is used to make a decision whether to accept or reject the hypothesis and z test is used to test the hypothesis. The data collected is analyzed by deriving histograms and bar charts in an excel file. The statistical tests are also used to check whether the number of male and female smokers in Australia and the smokers of different age (Sarantakos 2012). The test is done to know the impact of the increase in smoking in Australia and the costs that the society has to bear. Analyzing data is essential to know the impact of increase in smoking on the Australian economy and its health, social and economic costs. Expected research outcomes The researcher always have some expectation before conducting the research. The researcher expects that the number of smokers has decreased in Australia. It is also expected that he number of male smokers is greater than number of female smokers. The third expectation is that the number of smokers is high in higher age group. It is assumed that the increase in number of smoking is always harmful to the society. The hypothesis is expected to show a positive relationship between the increase in number of smoking and its harmful impact on Australia. It is expected that there is significant relationship between socio economic status and number of smokers in Australia (Graham 2012). The increase in number of smokers has three costs involved that are economic cost, social cost and health cost. It is expected that the health cost of smoking is higher than the other costs and that social cost and economic cost is dependent on health cost of smoking in Australia. Recommendations The recommendations on result state that the study can be analyzed for a further study by differentiating all factors and an extensive study can be based on using the entire main and the silent elements individually. The study is limited to small observations. Hence, the study can be extended to a much larger sample to check the efficiency of the reliability and validity of the research on a large scale. References Cho, Y.J., Thrasher, J.F., Swayampakala, K., Yong, H.H., McKeever, R., Hammond, D., Anshari, D., Cummings, K.M. and Borland, R., 2016. Does Reactance against Cigarette Warning Labels Matter? Warning Label Responses and Downstream Smoking Cessation amongst Adult Smokers in Australia, Canada, Mexico and the United States.PloS one,11(7), p.e0159245. Dunlop, S.M., Dobbins, T., Young, J.M., Perez, D. and Currow, D.C., 2014. 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Hospital costs associated with depression in a cohort of older men living in Western Australia.General hospital psychiatry,36(1), pp.33-37. Quit.org.au. (2016). Cost of smoking - Quit Victoria. [online] Available at: https://www.quit.org.au/reasons-to-quit/cost-of-smoking [Accessed 23 Sep. 2016]. Ross, S 2014, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists,3rd edn, London, Academic Press,USA. Sarantakos, S., 2012.Social research. Palgrave Macmillan. Saunders, M.L. and Thornhill, P., 2014. A. 2009. Research methods for business students. Harlow. Stanczyk, N.E., Smit, E.S., Schulz, D.N., de Vries, H., Bolman, C., Muris, J.W. and Evers, S.M., 2014. An economic evaluation of a video-and text-based computer-tailored intervention for smoking cessation: a cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a randomized controlled trial.PloS one,9(10), p.e110117. Thrasher, J.F., Osman, A., Moodie, C., Hammond, D., Bansal-Travers, M., Cummings, K.M., Borland, R., Yong, H.H. and Hardin, J., 2014. Promoting cessation resources through cigarette package warning labels: a longitudinal survey with adult smokers in Canada, Australia and Mexico.Tobacco control, pp.tobaccocontrol-2014. Thrasher, J.F., Swayampakala, K., Borland, R., Nagelhout, G., Yong, H.H., Hammond, D., Bansal-Travers, M., Thompson, M. and Hardin, J., 2016. Influences of Self-Efficacy, Response Efficacy, and Reactance on Responses to Cigarette Health Warnings: A Longitudinal Study of Adult Smokers in Australia and Canada.Health communication, pp.1-10. Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au. (2016). 17.2 The costs of smoking - Tobacco In Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/chapter-17-economics/17-2-the-costs-of-smoking [Accessed 23 Sep. 2016].